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Linda R. Richardson, John R. Gold, Mitochondrial DNA variation in red grouper ( Epinephelus morio ) and greater amberjack ( Seriola dumerili ) from the Gulf of Mexico , ICES Journal of Marine Science, Volume 50, Issue 1, 1993, Pages 53–62, https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1993.1006
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Abstract
The purpose of this study were to: (i) develop mitochondrial (mt)DNA probes for two species-groups of reef fishes, and (ii) assay mtDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) variation in two reef fish species from the Gulf of Mexico. MtDNA probes for groupers of the genera Epinephelus and Mycteroperca and for jacks of the family Carangidae were generated and mtDNA fragment patterns of 34 enzymes were assayed from samples of red grouper ( Epinephelus morio ) and greater amberjack ( Seriola dumerilli ). Ten polymorphic restriction enzymes (yielding 12 distinct mtDNA haplotypes) were identified in the red grouper, while 19 polymorphic enzymes (yielding 23 distinct mtDNA haplotypes) were identified in greater amberjack. Estimates of percentage nucleotide-sequence divergence among haplotypes ranged from 0.09–0.59 (mean ± S.E. = 0.29 ± 0.02) in red grouper and from 0.09–1.32 (mean ± S.E. = 0.49 ± 0.02) in greater amberjack. Estimated mtDNA nucleon diversity values were 0.418 and 0.900 for red grouper and greater amberjack, respectively. Estimated intrapopulational percentage nucleotide diversities were 0.078 ± 0.003 (mean ± S.E.) for red grouper and 0.336 ± 0.006 (mean ± S.E.) for greater amberjack. Estimates of the evolutionary effective female population size (N flel ) were generated for both species and compared to N flel values for eight other marine fish species or subspecies. The N flel value for greater amberjack was more or less intermediate, whereas the N flel value for red grouper was low. The latter may indicate that red grouper warrant immediate management attention. Heterologous hybridizations to mtDNAs of two other species of Epinephelus ( E. adscensionis and E. fulvus ) and to Myeteroperca phenax (using the red grouper probe), and to mtDNA of the horse-eye jack, Curanx lutus (using the greater amberjack probe), were successful. MtDNA data generated from red grouper and greater amberjack, as well as the potential to obtain mtDNA data from other grouper and carangid species, should prove useful in future studies of genetic variation and population differentiation in these important reef fishes.