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F. M. PHELPS, Multicomponent Rank Selection as an Alternative to Haldane's Dilemma, Mathematical Medicine and Biology: A Journal of the IMA, Volume 8, Issue 1, 1991, Pages 57–72, https://doi.org/10.1093/imammb/8.1.57
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates that multicomponent hard selection (hard selection performed sequentially in n independent fitness components of the genome) is incompatible with observed substitution rates. It also shows that multicomponent rank selection permits enough differential viability to account for arbitrarily rapid evolution. This removes a major objection to the acceptance of ‘rank’ or ‘soft’ selection as a resolution of ‘Haldane's dilemma’ and provides firm grounds for rejecting Kimura's genetic load argument for the neutral theory.