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J. Bradford De Long, Lawrence H. Summers, Equipment Investment and Economic Growth, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 106, Issue 2, May 1991, Pages 445–502, https://doi.org/10.2307/2937944
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Abstract
Using data from the United Nations Comparison Project and the Penn World Table, we find that machinery and equipment investment has a strong association with growth: over 1960–1985 each extra percent of GDP invested in equipment is associated with an increase in GDP growth of one third of a percentage point per year. This is a much stronger association than found between growth and any of the other components of investment. A variety of considerations suggest that this association is causal, that higher equipment investment drives faster growth, and that the social return to equipment investment in well-functioning market economies is on the order of 30 percent per year.