Results from similar field testing of Dräger DrugTest 5000 compared with confirmatory analysis of blood samples
| Drug class . | References . | Cut-off in blood (ng/mL) . | No. of positive on DDT5000 . | True positive (%) . | False positive (%) . | No. of negative on DDT5000 . | True negative (%) . | False negative (%) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cannabis | Brackemeyer (35)a | 1 | 319 | 87.8 | 12.2 | 201 | 80.1 | 19.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 1b | 255 | 92.5 | 7.5 | 52 | 32.7 | 67.3 | |
| Wille et al. (37)c | 2 | 40 | 95.0 | 5.0 | 8 | 62.5 | 37.5 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 1 | 9 | 88.9 | 11.1 | 55 | 72.7 | 27.3 | |
| Amphetamine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 114 | 85.1 | 14.9 | 406 | 96.1 | 3.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 25b | 97 | 97.9 | 2.1 | 37 | 51.4 | 48.6 | |
| Wille et al. (37) | 50 | 5 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 6 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 20 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 63 | 98.4 | 1.6 | |
| Methamphetamine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 7 | 57.1 | 42.9 | 513 | 98.8 | 1.2 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 25b | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 21 | 95.2 | 4.8 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 20 | 0 | – | – | 63d | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Cocaine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 37 | 73.0 | 27.0 | 483 | 96.1 | 3.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 10b,e | 22 | 72.7 | 27.3 | 22 | 77.3 | 22.7 | |
| Wille et al. (37) | 50f | 10 | 70.0 | 30.0 | 14 | 71.4 | 28.6 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 10 | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 62 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Opiates | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 36 | 80.6 | 19.4 | 484 | 99.8 | 0.2 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | M 10b | 23 | 91.3 | 8.7 | 22 | 95.5 | 4.5 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 10 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 63 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Benzodiazepines | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 0 | – | – | 519 | 100.0 | 0.0 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 10 | 2 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 20 | 80.0 | 20.0 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 2–50 (39) | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 62 | 98.4 | 1.6 |
| Drug class . | References . | Cut-off in blood (ng/mL) . | No. of positive on DDT5000 . | True positive (%) . | False positive (%) . | No. of negative on DDT5000 . | True negative (%) . | False negative (%) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cannabis | Brackemeyer (35)a | 1 | 319 | 87.8 | 12.2 | 201 | 80.1 | 19.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 1b | 255 | 92.5 | 7.5 | 52 | 32.7 | 67.3 | |
| Wille et al. (37)c | 2 | 40 | 95.0 | 5.0 | 8 | 62.5 | 37.5 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 1 | 9 | 88.9 | 11.1 | 55 | 72.7 | 27.3 | |
| Amphetamine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 114 | 85.1 | 14.9 | 406 | 96.1 | 3.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 25b | 97 | 97.9 | 2.1 | 37 | 51.4 | 48.6 | |
| Wille et al. (37) | 50 | 5 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 6 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 20 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 63 | 98.4 | 1.6 | |
| Methamphetamine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 7 | 57.1 | 42.9 | 513 | 98.8 | 1.2 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 25b | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 21 | 95.2 | 4.8 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 20 | 0 | – | – | 63d | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Cocaine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 37 | 73.0 | 27.0 | 483 | 96.1 | 3.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 10b,e | 22 | 72.7 | 27.3 | 22 | 77.3 | 22.7 | |
| Wille et al. (37) | 50f | 10 | 70.0 | 30.0 | 14 | 71.4 | 28.6 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 10 | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 62 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Opiates | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 36 | 80.6 | 19.4 | 484 | 99.8 | 0.2 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | M 10b | 23 | 91.3 | 8.7 | 22 | 95.5 | 4.5 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 10 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 63 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Benzodiazepines | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 0 | – | – | 519 | 100.0 | 0.0 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 10 | 2 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 20 | 80.0 | 20.0 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 2–50 (39) | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 62 | 98.4 | 1.6 |
n.s., not specified; M, morphine.
aUsing the “5 ng/mL cut-off version”.
bIn serum.
cUsing the “improved test cassette”.
dOne invalid test.
eOr benzoylecgonine 75 ng/mL.
fOr benzoylecgonine 50 ng/mL.
Results from similar field testing of Dräger DrugTest 5000 compared with confirmatory analysis of blood samples
| Drug class . | References . | Cut-off in blood (ng/mL) . | No. of positive on DDT5000 . | True positive (%) . | False positive (%) . | No. of negative on DDT5000 . | True negative (%) . | False negative (%) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cannabis | Brackemeyer (35)a | 1 | 319 | 87.8 | 12.2 | 201 | 80.1 | 19.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 1b | 255 | 92.5 | 7.5 | 52 | 32.7 | 67.3 | |
| Wille et al. (37)c | 2 | 40 | 95.0 | 5.0 | 8 | 62.5 | 37.5 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 1 | 9 | 88.9 | 11.1 | 55 | 72.7 | 27.3 | |
| Amphetamine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 114 | 85.1 | 14.9 | 406 | 96.1 | 3.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 25b | 97 | 97.9 | 2.1 | 37 | 51.4 | 48.6 | |
| Wille et al. (37) | 50 | 5 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 6 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 20 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 63 | 98.4 | 1.6 | |
| Methamphetamine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 7 | 57.1 | 42.9 | 513 | 98.8 | 1.2 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 25b | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 21 | 95.2 | 4.8 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 20 | 0 | – | – | 63d | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Cocaine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 37 | 73.0 | 27.0 | 483 | 96.1 | 3.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 10b,e | 22 | 72.7 | 27.3 | 22 | 77.3 | 22.7 | |
| Wille et al. (37) | 50f | 10 | 70.0 | 30.0 | 14 | 71.4 | 28.6 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 10 | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 62 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Opiates | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 36 | 80.6 | 19.4 | 484 | 99.8 | 0.2 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | M 10b | 23 | 91.3 | 8.7 | 22 | 95.5 | 4.5 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 10 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 63 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Benzodiazepines | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 0 | – | – | 519 | 100.0 | 0.0 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 10 | 2 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 20 | 80.0 | 20.0 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 2–50 (39) | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 62 | 98.4 | 1.6 |
| Drug class . | References . | Cut-off in blood (ng/mL) . | No. of positive on DDT5000 . | True positive (%) . | False positive (%) . | No. of negative on DDT5000 . | True negative (%) . | False negative (%) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cannabis | Brackemeyer (35)a | 1 | 319 | 87.8 | 12.2 | 201 | 80.1 | 19.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 1b | 255 | 92.5 | 7.5 | 52 | 32.7 | 67.3 | |
| Wille et al. (37)c | 2 | 40 | 95.0 | 5.0 | 8 | 62.5 | 37.5 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 1 | 9 | 88.9 | 11.1 | 55 | 72.7 | 27.3 | |
| Amphetamine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 114 | 85.1 | 14.9 | 406 | 96.1 | 3.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 25b | 97 | 97.9 | 2.1 | 37 | 51.4 | 48.6 | |
| Wille et al. (37) | 50 | 5 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 6 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 20 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 63 | 98.4 | 1.6 | |
| Methamphetamine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 7 | 57.1 | 42.9 | 513 | 98.8 | 1.2 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 25b | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 21 | 95.2 | 4.8 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 20 | 0 | – | – | 63d | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Cocaine | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 37 | 73.0 | 27.0 | 483 | 96.1 | 3.9 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 10b,e | 22 | 72.7 | 27.3 | 22 | 77.3 | 22.7 | |
| Wille et al. (37) | 50f | 10 | 70.0 | 30.0 | 14 | 71.4 | 28.6 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 10 | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 62 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Opiates | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 36 | 80.6 | 19.4 | 484 | 99.8 | 0.2 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | M 10b | 23 | 91.3 | 8.7 | 22 | 95.5 | 4.5 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 10 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 63 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
| Benzodiazepines | Brackemeyer (35) | n.s. | 0 | – | – | 519 | 100.0 | 0.0 |
| Musshoff et al. (36) | 10 | 2 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 20 | 80.0 | 20.0 | |
| Houwing et al. (38) | 2–50 (39) | 2 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 62 | 98.4 | 1.6 |
n.s., not specified; M, morphine.
aUsing the “5 ng/mL cut-off version”.
bIn serum.
cUsing the “improved test cassette”.
dOne invalid test.
eOr benzoylecgonine 75 ng/mL.
fOr benzoylecgonine 50 ng/mL.
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