To Advocate or Not Is No Longer the Question: Paths to Enhance Scientific Engagement

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In an era defined by rapid communication, alternative facts, and the propagation of misinformation, the need for scientists to engage directly in public policy and education has never been greater (Pittinsky 2015). The ecological community has debated for decades whether scientists should publicly communicate their support for particular policy positions (Pielke 2007). However, fears that such involvement will undermine public perceptions of scientific objectivity appear to be overblown (Kotcher et al. 2017). Academic institutions have traditionally undervalued such engagement, and calls for redirecting science to serve society and the planet are increasing (Keeler et al. 2017).

Based on our belief that scientific understanding is fundamental to public discourse and policy debates, the question is how ecological scientists can engage most effectively while avoiding reputational costs regarding objectivity (perceived or otherwise). In the hope of broadening scientific participation in ecology and conservation, we highlight three general avenues by which ecologists can apply their training and skills to engage in the public and policy arena, namely by (1) broadening research impacts, (2) enhancing outreach to nontraditional audiences, and (3) participating directly in the policy process. By creating opportunities and incentives, universities and funding entities can facilitate greater public outreach and policy engagement by scientists. We provide suggestions on institutional changes that will help accelerate such activities.