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John Garcia, D. J. Kimeldorf, E. L. Hunt, Spatial Avoidance in the Rat as a Result of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation, British Journal of Radiology, Volume 30, Issue 354, 1 June 1957, Pages 318–321, https://doi.org/10.1259/0007-1285-30-354-318
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Rats were exposed to radiation while confined to one of two distinctive compartments of an enclosed alley. On the next day these animals were confined to the opposite compartment for a similar period in the absence of radiation. Following a series of four such cycles the partition between the two compartments was removed and the animals were given a free choice of residence in the alley for a test period. With but one exception, all the irradiated animals demonstrated a decreased preference for the compartment in which they had been exposed when compared to their preirradiation test scores. It was concluded that both γ and X rays can serve as unconditioned stimuli in the establishment of spatial avoidance behaviour.