
Contents
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Origins of the electoral system Origins of the electoral system
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How the electoral system works How the electoral system works
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Political consequences of the electoral system 1949–92 Political consequences of the electoral system 1949–92
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Impact on the party system Impact on the party system
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Impact on the parties Impact on the parties
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Impact on parliament Impact on parliament
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Government formation Government formation
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The politics of electoral reform: reform through bypass The politics of electoral reform: reform through bypass
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Conclusion: a failed attempt to cure the ‘extreme’ electoral system via institutional ‘bypass surgery’ Conclusion: a failed attempt to cure the ‘extreme’ electoral system via institutional ‘bypass surgery’
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References References
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16 16 Israel: The Politics of an Extreme Electoral System
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Published:September 2005
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Abstract
Israel had a closed list PR system that was so proportional that it resulted in a large multi-party system with a very fragmented parliament. One result is that for decades, Israel experienced difficulties in building and maintaining large coalition governments, often containing several small and more extreme parties, which can and do yield blackmail powers. The failure to reform the actual electoral system led to misguided attempts at institutional engineering. Reformers attempted to alleviate some of the effects of the electoral system by adopting party primaries and directly electing the prime minister. However, the unintended consequences of these reforms were immediate. Primaries undermined party discipline, while the direct election of the Prime Minister made the problem of sustaining coalition governments worse than before the reform. Israel has since returned to a ‘single-ballot’ system.
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