
Contents
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Introduction to Sampling for Disaster Evaluations: Definitions of Basic Terms Introduction to Sampling for Disaster Evaluations: Definitions of Basic Terms
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Approaches to Sampling for Disaster Studies Approaches to Sampling for Disaster Studies
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Random Samples Random Samples
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Systematic Random Sample Systematic Random Sample
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Stratified Random Sampling Stratified Random Sampling
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Cluster Random Sampling Cluster Random Sampling
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Multi-stage Sample Multi-stage Sample
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Non-random Samples Non-random Samples
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Quota Samples Quota Samples
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Guidelines for Preparing a Sample Design for Disaster Response Evaluations Guidelines for Preparing a Sample Design for Disaster Response Evaluations
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Sampling Affected Populations Sampling Affected Populations
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Determination of Sample Size for the Survey (Random) Component Determination of Sample Size for the Survey (Random) Component
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Informant Selection for the Purposive Sample Informant Selection for the Purposive Sample
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Four Examples to Illustrate Approaches to Sample Design Four Examples to Illustrate Approaches to Sample Design
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A Comment About the 2017 Hurricane in Puerto Rico (Maria) A Comment About the 2017 Hurricane in Puerto Rico (Maria)
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Summary Summary
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Acknowledgments Acknowledgments
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References References
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Further reading Further reading
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9 C9Construct a Sampling Plan (Step 5)
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Published:October 2019
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Abstract
In disaster studies it is necessary to obtain information from several groups of those involved and affected by the disaster and from various types of medical and administrative documents. We have suggested in Chapter 8 that information be obtained from, at a minimum, (1) survivors/victims/families; (2) professional responders and coordinators (both public safety and EMS/medical); (3) officials of governmental and non-governmental organizations; (4) medical records; and (5) administrative documents. This typically involves accessing a large number of individuals and reports. It is therefore almost always necessary to select a sample from each group and source. When possible some form of random (probability) sampling should be used; a different type of sampling called ‘purposive’ may be employed for key informants. ‘Convenience samples’ are not generally used in scientific evaluation studies due to their great potential for introducing bias into the data. Preparing and implementing a scientific sample design will prove to be one of the most challenging aspects of disaster evaluation studies. It will usually be necessary to consult with an individual who has statistical expertise when preparing the sampling plan; therefore, in this chapter we present some basic concepts in sampling and then conclude with four descriptions of sample designs used in past evaluation studies.
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