Phonological Word and Grammatical Word: A Cross-Linguistic Typology
Phonological Word and Grammatical Word: A Cross-Linguistic Typology
Distinguished Professor and Director of the Language and Culture Research Centre
Adjunct Professor and Deputy Director of the Language and Culture Research Centre
PhD Student, Language and Culture Research Centre
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Abstract
‘Word’ is a cornerstone for the understanding of every language. It is a pronounceable phonological unit. It will also have a meaning, and a grammatical characterization-a morphological structure and a syntactic function. And it will be an entry in a dictionary and an orthographic item. ‘Word’ has ‘psychological reality’ for speakers, enabling them to talk about the meaning of a word, its appropriateness for use in a certain social context, and so on. This volume investigates ‘word’ in its phonological and grammatical guises, and how this concept can be applied to languages of distinct typological make-up-from highly synthetic to highly analytic. Criteria for phonological word often include stress, tone, and vowel harmony. Grammatical word is recognized based on its conventionalized coherence and meaning, and consists of a root to which morphological processes will apply. In most instances, ‘grammatical word’ and ‘phonological word’ coincide. In some instances, a phonological word may consist of more than one grammatical word. Or a grammatical word can consist of more than one phonological word, or there may be more complex relationships. The volume starts with a typological introduction summarizing the main issues. It is followed by eight chapters each dealing with ‘word’ in an individual language—Yidiñ from Australia, Fijian from the Fiji Islands, Jarawara from southern Amazonia, Japanese, Chamacoco from Paraguay, Murui from Colombia, Yalaku from New Guinea, Hmong from Laos and a number of diasporic communities, Lao, and Makary Kotoko from Cameroon. The final chapter contains a summary of our findings.
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Front Matter
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1
The essence of ‘word’
Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald and others
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2
Words within words: Examples from Yidiñ, Jarawara, and Fijian
R. M. W. Dixon
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3
Words in Japanese
Nerida Jarkey
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4
Wordhood in Chamacoco
Luca Ciucci
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5
The phonological and grammatical status of Murui ‘word’
Katarzyna I. Wojtylak
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6
Word in Yalaku
Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald
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7
Word in Lao
N. J. Enfield
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8
Word in Hmong
Nathan M. White
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9
The notion of ‘word’ in Makary Kotoko
Sean Allison
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10
Words altogether
Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald andR. M. W. Dixon
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End Matter
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