
Contents
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11 Who Are You and What Do You Know? Estrogenic Regulation of Social Recognition and Social Learning
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Introduction Introduction
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Setting the Stage for a Multiple Memory Systems View Setting the Stage for a Multiple Memory Systems View
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Multiple Memory System Model for Estrogen Control of Cognition Multiple Memory System Model for Estrogen Control of Cognition
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Bidirectional Effects of Estrogens on Learning Strategy Through Multiple Memory Systems Bidirectional Effects of Estrogens on Learning Strategy Through Multiple Memory Systems
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Receptor Systems Receptor Systems
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Contribution of Different ERs to Cognition Contribution of Different ERs to Cognition
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ERs and Multiple Memory Systems ERs and Multiple Memory Systems
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Insights From Neurobiological Outcomes in Hippocampus and Striatum Insights From Neurobiological Outcomes in Hippocampus and Striatum
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Acknowledgment Acknowledgment
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References References
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12 Estrogens Have Their Ups and Downs: A Multiple Memory Systems Approach to the Bidirectional Effects of Estrogens on Learning Strategy
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Published:February 2020
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Abstract
Estrogens produce robust yet mixed effects on cognition, at times enhancing learning and memory, at times impairing learning and memory, and still at other times having no measurable effects on learning and memory. When viewed through a multiple memory systems lens, these variable actions of estrogenic compounds are explained in part by the strategies required and the neural systems tapped during learning and memory. Estrogens tend to promote hippocampus-sensitive functions yet impair striatum-sensitive functions through the activation of multiple estrogen receptor subtypes. Thus, there are cognitive costs and benefits resulting from exposures to estrogens that illuminate an important notion: Depleting circulating ovarian hormones is not singularly detrimental to learning but instead can lead to learning improvements depending upon the type of task at hand. Approaching the effects of estrogens on problem-solving from this perspective may provide important insight to the range of cognitive health risks that may accompany menopause and hormone therapies.
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