
Contents
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Introduction Introduction
-
The Sokoto Caliphate The Sokoto Caliphate
-
Insignia and Monuments Insignia and Monuments
-
Administration Administration
-
The Military The Military
-
Security Security
-
The New Cadre of ‘Ulama The New Cadre of ‘Ulama
-
Succession to High Office: Ethnic Categories in the Sokoto Caliphate Succession to High Office: Ethnic Categories in the Sokoto Caliphate
-
Conclusion Conclusion
-
Bibliographic Note Bibliographic Note
-
Bibliography Bibliography
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cite
Abstract
The Sokoto Caliphate, prior to 1964 generally referred to in print as the Fulani Empire, was Africa’s largest pre-colonial state and lasted for a century, coming into being in 1808 through a four-year jihad and finally in 1903 being conquered by Britain. As an Islamic state, it was run as a decentralized confederation of emirates under the supervision of the caliph and his bureaucracy in Sokoto. Though almost all the emirs initially were scholars chosen for their piety, they could be identified ethnically as Fulani/Fulbe (hence the “Fulani Empire”) whereas the majority of the population were Hausa-speakers. There was a very large number of slaves (at times over 50 percent), serving the elite or working as labor on farms, which supplied food to large households and markets in the cities. There was no standing army, but borders were closed by strategically sited ribats or strongholds. Conflicts were resolved by local administrators, with the courts using Shari‘a law; servants of local officials acted as police. The chapter’s argument is that the Sokoto Caliphate is more accurately categorized not as an “imperial” polity but as an Islamic state modeled as a confederation on Abbasid practice.
Sign in
Personal account
- Sign in with email/username & password
- Get email alerts
- Save searches
- Purchase content
- Activate your purchase/trial code
- Add your ORCID iD
Purchase
Our books are available by subscription or purchase to libraries and institutions.
Purchasing informationMonth: | Total Views: |
---|---|
October 2022 | 16 |
November 2022 | 11 |
December 2022 | 8 |
January 2023 | 12 |
February 2023 | 22 |
March 2023 | 21 |
April 2023 | 19 |
May 2023 | 11 |
June 2023 | 9 |
July 2023 | 8 |
August 2023 | 18 |
September 2023 | 14 |
October 2023 | 15 |
November 2023 | 23 |
December 2023 | 29 |
January 2024 | 8 |
February 2024 | 39 |
March 2024 | 39 |
April 2024 | 30 |
May 2024 | 22 |
June 2024 | 16 |
July 2024 | 5 |
August 2024 | 17 |
September 2024 | 25 |
October 2024 | 26 |
November 2024 | 44 |
December 2024 | 16 |
January 2025 | 16 |
February 2025 | 31 |
March 2025 | 30 |
April 2025 | 23 |
Get help with access
Institutional access
Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways:
IP based access
Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.
Sign in through your institution
Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic.
If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution’s website, please contact your librarian or administrator.
Sign in with a library card
Enter your library card number to sign in. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian.
Society Members
Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways:
Sign in through society site
Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. If you see ‘Sign in through society site’ in the sign in pane within a journal:
If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society.
Sign in using a personal account
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. See below.
Personal account
A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions.
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members.
Viewing your signed in accounts
Click the account icon in the top right to:
Signed in but can't access content
Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian.
Institutional account management
For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.