
Contents
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
I. Introduction I. Introduction
-
II. Dezinformatsiya II. Dezinformatsiya
-
III. Information Warfare: A New Breadth for Disinfo-Ops III. Information Warfare: A New Breadth for Disinfo-Ops
-
IV. Computational Politics: A New Depth and Precision of Disinfo-Ops during Elections IV. Computational Politics: A New Depth and Precision of Disinfo-Ops during Elections
-
V. The 2016 U.S. Election and Beyond V. The 2016 U.S. Election and Beyond
-
A. Spreading Confusion at the 2016 DNC Convention A. Spreading Confusion at the 2016 DNC Convention
-
B. Disinfo Dismissed in Court B. Disinfo Dismissed in Court
-
1. A Shard of Dezinformatsiya 1. A Shard of Dezinformatsiya
-
2. Russian Bots and Trolls 2. Russian Bots and Trolls
-
-
-
VI. A Clarion Call for Opening Fuller Data Access to Social Scientists VI. A Clarion Call for Opening Fuller Data Access to Social Scientists
-
VII. Conclusion VII. Conclusion
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2 Understanding Disinformation Operations in the Twenty-First Century: Steven J. Barela and Jérôme Duberry
Get access-
Published:April 2021
Cite
Abstract
Remarkable developments in digital technologies have provided the conditions for a dramatic rise in state-sponsored disinformation operations crossing international borders. Spreading dezinformatsiya has a long history, but today it is done with a volume and accuracy that has left the targeted societies deeply destabilized as facts and events become sharply contested among citizens. This chapter is a descriptive work illustrating the essential components of this activity and draws three important conclusions. First, because disinformation aims to twist the truth in subtle ways when key facts remain secret and unavailable, exposing an operation becomes a tedious and difficult task. Second, the new digital world has opened the door to omnipresent operations that occur below the threshold of armed conflict and are accelerated exponentially by big data warehousing and algorithms that allow individualized targeting during an election cycle. Third, when disinformation operations disrupt the flow of information during a political campaign, the candidates involved and the process itself emerge with a dangerously eroded legitimacy. With a view to fill in critical missing data, the chapter ends with a clarion call to allow access for social scientists to study in detail of what is happening in the opaque public square of online social media wherever more political understanding is being fashioned.
Sign in
Personal account
- Sign in with email/username & password
- Get email alerts
- Save searches
- Purchase content
- Activate your purchase/trial code
- Add your ORCID iD
Purchase
Our books are available by subscription or purchase to libraries and institutions.
Purchasing informationMonth: | Total Views: |
---|---|
October 2022 | 17 |
November 2022 | 13 |
December 2022 | 8 |
January 2023 | 10 |
February 2023 | 8 |
March 2023 | 10 |
April 2023 | 24 |
May 2023 | 11 |
June 2023 | 15 |
July 2023 | 1 |
August 2023 | 24 |
September 2023 | 10 |
October 2023 | 8 |
November 2023 | 3 |
December 2023 | 4 |
February 2024 | 5 |
March 2024 | 7 |
April 2024 | 7 |
May 2024 | 9 |
June 2024 | 6 |
July 2024 | 8 |
August 2024 | 3 |
September 2024 | 9 |
October 2024 | 10 |
November 2024 | 8 |
December 2024 | 11 |
January 2025 | 9 |
February 2025 | 19 |
March 2025 | 27 |
April 2025 | 13 |
Get help with access
Institutional access
Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways:
IP based access
Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.
Sign in through your institution
Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic.
If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution’s website, please contact your librarian or administrator.
Sign in with a library card
Enter your library card number to sign in. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian.
Society Members
Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways:
Sign in through society site
Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. If you see ‘Sign in through society site’ in the sign in pane within a journal:
If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society.
Sign in using a personal account
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. See below.
Personal account
A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions.
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members.
Viewing your signed in accounts
Click the account icon in the top right to:
Signed in but can't access content
Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian.
Institutional account management
For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.