
Contents
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Liberal Democratic Dominance Liberal Democratic Dominance
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The Governing Party The Governing Party
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LDP Politics LDP Politics
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Changing the Rules of Electoral Competition Changing the Rules of Electoral Competition
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A Highly Fragmented, Decentralized Party A Highly Fragmented, Decentralized Party
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Collective Leadership Transformed Collective Leadership Transformed
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The LDP’s Continuing Dominance of Japanese Politics The LDP’s Continuing Dominance of Japanese Politics
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5 The Perpetual Government: The Japanese Liberal Democratic Party
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Published:March 2022
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Abstract
The Liberal Democratic party emerged as an instrument for the political management of a democratic state being constructed in post-war Japan as part of the capitalist West. It quickly developed the ’55 system that saw it operate as the political ringmaster balancing a diverse set of group interests and linking them to the state bureaucracies. Practising a politics of pragmatic patronage, its multi-headed organization was marked by a highly developed system of factionalism that linked party elites to local representatives serving their constituents in the context of a Single Non-Transferable Vote electoral system. The party survived an attempt to break it by electoral reform and then went on, in the new regime, to slowly transform a leadership politics from a politics of weak, short-term, old men placeholders to one in which the prime minister came to dominate the organization and government agenda-making. This success has allowed the Liberal Democrats to survive the decay suffered by other dominant parties and remain as Japan’s seemingly perpetual government.
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