
Contents
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37.1 Background of the language and speaker community 37.1 Background of the language and speaker community
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37.1.1 Dialects 37.1.1 Dialects
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37.1.2 On the history of the Nganasans 37.1.2 On the history of the Nganasans
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37.1.3 Sociolinguistic situation 37.1.3 Sociolinguistic situation
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37.1.4 Language documentation 37.1.4 Language documentation
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37.2 Phonology 37.2 Phonology
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37.2.1 Vowel system 37.2.1 Vowel system
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37.2.2 Consonant system 37.2.2 Consonant system
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37.2.3 Phonotactics, word and syllable structure 37.2.3 Phonotactics, word and syllable structure
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37.2.4 Morphophonological phenomena 37.2.4 Morphophonological phenomena
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37.2.4.1 Consonant gradation 37.2.4.1 Consonant gradation
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37.2.4.2 Suffix alternation 37.2.4.2 Suffix alternation
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37.2.4.3 Assimilation processes 37.2.4.3 Assimilation processes
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37.2.4.4 Consonant deletion and alternation 37.2.4.4 Consonant deletion and alternation
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37.2.5 Prosody 37.2.5 Prosody
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37.3 Morphology 37.3 Morphology
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37.3.1 Noun inflection 37.3.1 Noun inflection
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37.3.1.1 Case and number in non-possessive inflection 37.3.1.1 Case and number in non-possessive inflection
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37.3.1.2 Possessive forms of nouns 37.3.1.2 Possessive forms of nouns
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37.3.1.3 Destinative/benefactive form of nominal categories 37.3.1.3 Destinative/benefactive form of nominal categories
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37.3.2 Numerals and quantifiers 37.3.2 Numerals and quantifiers
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37.3.3 Pronominal forms 37.3.3 Pronominal forms
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37.3.4 Verb inflection 37.3.4 Verb inflection
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37.3.4.1 Person marking and conjugation types 37.3.4.1 Person marking and conjugation types
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37.3.4.2 Aspect and tense 37.3.4.2 Aspect and tense
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37.3.4.3 Mood and evidentiality 37.3.4.3 Mood and evidentiality
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37.3.4.4 Non-finite verb forms 37.3.4.4 Non-finite verb forms
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37.3.5 Word formation 37.3.5 Word formation
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37.4 Syntax 37.4 Syntax
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37.4.1 Basic word order 37.4.1 Basic word order
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37.4.2 Phrase structure 37.4.2 Phrase structure
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37.4.3 Clause structure 37.4.3 Clause structure
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37.4.4 Clause combining 37.4.4 Clause combining
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37.4.5 Negation 37.4.5 Negation
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37.5 Lexicon and language contact 37.5 Lexicon and language contact
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37.6 Text 37.6 Text
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37.7 Further reading 37.7 Further reading
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Acknowledgements Acknowledgements
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Cite
Abstract
Nganasan (in older literature also known as "Tavgy Samoyed") is an indigenous language in northernmost Siberia, now acutely endangered. It is characterized by some interesting morphophonological processes such as a highly complex consonant gradation and suffix harmony. This chapter briefly describes Nganasan phonology, morphology and syntax, with special respect to typologically interesting features such as the rich verb inflection (subject and object agreement, four morphologically marked tenses and fourteen moods), word order, and negation. One of the numerous interesting characteristics of Nganasan is the presence of two different copulas for different types of existential sentences. Predicative possession can be expressed either with a ‘have’ verb or with an existential-like construction.
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