
Published:
19 June 2008
Online ISBN:
9780191773532
Print ISBN:
9780582302457
Contents
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Position of Individuals in International Law Position of Individuals in International Law
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§ 374 Importance of individuals to international law § 374 Importance of individuals to international law
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§ 375 Individuals as subjects of international law § 375 Individuals as subjects of international law
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§ 376 Nationality the link between individuals and international law § 376 Nationality the link between individuals and international law
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§ 377 International law and the rights of mankind § 377 International law and the rights of mankind
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Nationality Nationality
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§ 378 Concept of nationality § 378 Concept of nationality
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§ 379 Function of nationality § 379 Function of nationality
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§ 380 Corporations § 380 Corporations
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§ 381 Nationality and emigration § 381 Nationality and emigration
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§ 382 The right of expatriation § 382 The right of expatriation
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Acquisition and Loss of Nationality Acquisition and Loss of Nationality
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§ 383 Five modes of acquisition of nationality § 383 Five modes of acquisition of nationality
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§ 384 Acquisition of nationality by birth § 384 Acquisition of nationality by birth
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§ 385 Citizenship within the Commonwealth § 385 Citizenship within the Commonwealth
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§ 386 Acquisition of nationality through naturalisation § 386 Acquisition of nationality through naturalisation
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§ 387 Naturalisation by grant on application § 387 Naturalisation by grant on application
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§ 388 Effect of naturalisation upon previous nationality § 388 Effect of naturalisation upon previous nationality
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§ 389 Acquisition of nationality through redintegration § 389 Acquisition of nationality through redintegration
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§ 390 Acquisition of nationality through annexation and cession § 390 Acquisition of nationality through annexation and cession
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§ 391 Modes of losing nationality § 391 Modes of losing nationality
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Release Release
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Deprivation Deprivation
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Expiration Expiration
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Renunciation Renunciation
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Substitution Substitution
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Double Nationality and Statelessness Double Nationality and Statelessness
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§ 392 Possibility of double nationality and statelessness § 392 Possibility of double nationality and statelessness
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§ 393 How double nationality occurs § 393 How double nationality occurs
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§ 394 Position of individuals with double nationality § 394 Position of individuals with double nationality
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§ 395 Regulation of double nationality by treaty § 395 Regulation of double nationality by treaty
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§ 396 How statelessness occurs § 396 How statelessness occurs
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§ 397 Position of stateless individuals § 397 Position of stateless individuals
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§ 398 Regulation of statelessness by treaty § 398 Regulation of statelessness by treaty
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§ 399 Refugees § 399 Refugees
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Reception of Aliens and Right of Asylum Reception of Aliens and Right of Asylum
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§ 400 Admission of aliens § 400 Admission of aliens
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§ 401 Reception of aliens under conditions § 401 Reception of aliens under conditions
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§ 402 The so-called right of asylum § 402 The so-called right of asylum
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Position of Aliens After Reception Position of Aliens After Reception
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§ 403 Position of aliens in general § 403 Position of aliens in general
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§ 404 Personal position of aliens § 404 Personal position of aliens
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§ 405 Protection afforded to the persons and property of aliens § 405 Protection afforded to the persons and property of aliens
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§ 406 Aliens in certain African and Asian states § 406 Aliens in certain African and Asian states
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§ 407 Property of aliens: expropriation § 407 Property of aliens: expropriation
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§ 408 State debts and other contracts with aliens § 408 State debts and other contracts with aliens
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§ 409 National and international standard of treatment: non-discrimination § 409 National and international standard of treatment: non-discrimination
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§ 410 Aliens and the protection of their home state § 410 Aliens and the protection of their home state
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§ 411 Protection of non-nationals § 411 Protection of non-nationals
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§ 412 Departure from the foreign country § 412 Departure from the foreign country
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Expulsion of Aliens Expulsion of Aliens
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§ 413 Competence to expel aliens § 413 Competence to expel aliens
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§ 414 How expulsion is effected § 414 How expulsion is effected
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Extradition Extradition
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§ 415 Absence of legal duty of extradition § 415 Absence of legal duty of extradition
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§ 416 Rise of extradition treaties § 416 Rise of extradition treaties
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§ 417 National extradition laws § 417 National extradition laws
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§ 418 Extradition of nationals § 418 Extradition of nationals
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§ 419 Extraditable crimes § 419 Extraditable crimes
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§ 420 Conditions of extradition § 420 Conditions of extradition
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Principle of Non-Extradition of Political Criminals Principle of Non-Extradition of Political Criminals
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§ 421 Origin of the principle § 421 Origin of the principle
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§ 422 Difficulty concerning the concept of political crime § 422 Difficulty concerning the concept of political crime
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§ 423 National law and the concept of political crimes § 423 National law and the concept of political crimes
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§ 424 International attempts to limit the meaning of ‘political offence’ § 424 International attempts to limit the meaning of ‘political offence’
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The Protection of Minorities The Protection of Minorities
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§ 425 Before the First World War § 425 Before the First World War
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§ 426 After the First World War § 426 After the First World War
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§ 427 The sanctions of the minority clauses § 427 The sanctions of the minority clauses
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§ 428 After the Second World War § 428 After the Second World War
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Slavery, Slave Traffic, and Forced Labour Slavery, Slave Traffic, and Forced Labour
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§ 429 Slavery and the slave traffic § 429 Slavery and the slave traffic
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§ 430 Abolition of forced labour § 430 Abolition of forced labour
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International Protection of Human Rights International Protection of Human Rights
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§ 431 The bases of the international protection of human rights § 431 The bases of the international protection of human rights
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§ 432 Protection of workers: the ILO § 432 Protection of workers: the ILO
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§ 433 The Charter of the United Nations and Human Rights § 433 The Charter of the United Nations and Human Rights
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§ 434 The Genocide Convention § 434 The Genocide Convention
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§ 435 Crimes against humanity § 435 Crimes against humanity
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§ 436 An International Bill of Human Rights: progress towards an effective code § 436 An International Bill of Human Rights: progress towards an effective code
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§ 437 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights § 437 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
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§ 438 United Nations Commission on Human Rights § 438 United Nations Commission on Human Rights
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§ 439 Racial discrimination § 439 Racial discrimination
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§ 440 Covenants on Economic, Social, Cultural, Civil and Political Rights § 440 Covenants on Economic, Social, Cultural, Civil and Political Rights
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§ 441 Rights of women § 441 Rights of women
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§ 442 The protection of human rights in Europe § 442 The protection of human rights in Europe
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§ 443 Inter-American protection of human rights § 443 Inter-American protection of human rights
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§ 444 Protection of human rights in Africa § 444 Protection of human rights in Africa
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Cite
Jennings, Sir Robert, and Sir Arthur Watts, ' Individuals', in Sir Robert Jennings, and Arthur Watts KCMG QC (eds), Oppenheim's International Law: Volume 1 Peace, 9th Edition (2008; online edn, Oxford Academic), https://doi.org/10.1093/law/9780582302457.003.0008, accessed 27 Apr. 2025.
Extract
Position of Individuals in International Law
Balladore Pallieri, La natura giuridica internazionale della potestà dello Stato sugli individui (1932)
Borchard, §§ 7–10
Meier, Der Staatsangehörige und seine Rechte (1927)
Spiropoulos, L’individu et le droit international (1928)
Segal, L’Individu en droit international positif (1932)
Ténékidès, L’Individu dans l’ordre juridique international (1933)
Jessup, A Modern Law of Nations (1948), pp 68–93
Sperduti, L’Individuo nel diritto internazionale (1950)
Cavaglieri, Rivista, 17 (1925), pp 18–32, 169–87
Hamburger, ZI, 36 (1926), pp 117–196
Akzin, RI (Paris), 4 (1929), pp 451–89
Bourquin, Hag R, 35 (1931) i, pp 33–47
Hostie, ibid, 40 (1932) ii, pp 488–509
Herz, Théorie du droit, 10 (1936), pp 100–111
Dumas, Hag R, 59 (1937), i, pp 7–93
H Lauterpacht, Grotius Society, 29 (1943), pp 1–33
Idelson, ibid, 30 (1944), pp 51–66
Mander, AJ, 46 (1952), pp 428–49
Wegner in ‘Gegenwartsprobleme,’ Laun Festschrift (1953), pp 341–65
Guggenheim, Hag R, 80 (1952), i, pp 116–31
Eustathiades, Hag R, 84 (1953), iii, pp 405–28, 458–85, 497–531, 567–600
Sperduti, Hag R, 90 (1956), ii, pp 727–838
Comunicationi e studi, 10 (1960), pp 159–86
Korowicz, AJ, 50 (1956), pp 533–62
Drost, in Symbolae Verzijl (1958), pp 134–44
Durante, Ricorsi individuali ad organi internazionali (1958)
Remec, The Position of the Individual in International Law according to Grotius and Vattel (1960)
Dahm, Die Stellung des Menschen im Völkerrecht unserer Zeit (1961)
Norgaard, The Position of the Individual in International Law (1962)
O’Connell, RG, 67 (1963), at pp 35–43
Qadri, Hag R, 113 (1964), iii, at pp 386–412
H Lauterpacht, Collected Papers, vol 1 (1970), pp 141–9
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