Home Front Battles: World War II Mobilization and Race in the Deep South
Home Front Battles: World War II Mobilization and Race in the Deep South
Professor of History and former Associate Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences
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Abstract
Home Front Battles focuses on World War II mobilization and the battles it sparked in the Deep South. Economic mobilization reshaped agriculture and ushered in a new wave of industrialization. Rural migrants flocked to the new businesses, where they encountered an unfamiliar world of work. As war towns boomed, they faced a host of difficulties. Although the federal government tried to help solve these social problems, those efforts were only partly successful. One of the primary home front battles during World War II occurred along the color line. With the creation of the Fair Employment Practices Committee (1941) and the passage of the Selective Training and Service Act (1940), the federal government promoted the ideal of nondiscrimination as part of its mobilization efforts. In the Deep South, where race relations operated in an openly discriminatory manner, federal nondiscrimination directives and southern tradition clashed in war industries and in and around military camps. White politicians in the Deep South—ranging from the liberal Georgia governor Ellis Arnall to Theodore Bilbo, the reactionary US senator from Mississippi—disagreed about the long-term impact of wartime mobilization. At the same time, African Americans mobilized to change the southern system of race relations. The fight for Black rights culminated with the elections of 1946—when Black men and women in the Deep South tried to vote on a scale unprecedented in the twentieth century. White Southerners, however, closed ranks to beat back the effort with tactics ranging from intimidation to violence.
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Front Matter
- Introduction
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Part I Economic Mobilization
Charles C. Bolton -
Part II Military Mobilization
Charles C. Bolton -
Part III Southern Politics
Charles C. Bolton -
End Matter
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