Dams, Power, and the Politics of Ethiopia's Renaissance
Dams, Power, and the Politics of Ethiopia's Renaissance
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Abstract
After more than a decade, Ethiopia is filling the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), a controversial dam with the potential to transform the hydrology and politics of the Nile Basin. The GERD is the culmination of a dam-building boom carried out over three decades and a key pillar of the Ethiopian Peoples’ Revolutionary Democratic Front’s (EPRDF’s) efforts to bring about an Ethiopian ‘Renaissance’. This book provides the first detailed examination of the domestic and international political dynamics that shaped Ethiopia’s dam building, drawing on extensive primary research including more than 100 interviews with politicians, technocrats, consultants, and donors. In doing so, the book reflects on Ethiopia’s implications for broader debates about the role of the state in late development, the dynamics of twenty-first-century dam building, and the political economy of renewable energy transitions. A central argument of the book is that Ethiopia’s dam building is symbolic of the successes and failures of the EPRDF’s ‘developmental state’. On the one hand, this dams boom enhanced electricity generation capacity, while constituting a key element of the state infrastructure investment that turned Ethiopia into one of the world’s fastest-growing economies. On the other hand, a politically driven decision-making process undermined electricity planning, contributed to an unsustainable debt burden, and, ultimately, failed to provide reliable electricity access to key users. Following the EPRDF’s collapse, the subsequent Prosperity Party Government has taken steps away from the state-led development model of its predecessor, while labouring towards the final completion of the GERD.
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Front Matter
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1
Dams, Power, and State-Led Development: Situating Ethiopia’s Dams Boom
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2
Modernization, State-Building, and the Hydraulic Mission in Imperial and Revolutionary Ethiopia
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3
Political Vulnerability and the Origins of the EPRDF’s Dams Boom
Tom Lavers and others
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4
Powering the ‘Developmental State’
Tom Lavers and others
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5
Salini: An Ethio-Italian Story
Emanuele Fantini and others
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6
Upending the Hydropolitics of the Nile: From Cooperation to Unilateralism
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7
Designing the Blue Nile Dam: Between the Hydropolitics of the Nile and an Ethiopian Renaissance
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8
Electrifying Ethiopia, Consolidating Power: The Challenge of Distributing Electricity
Tom Lavers andFana Gebresenbet
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9
Beyond the ‘Developmental State’: Prosperity and Conflict after the EPRDF
Tom Lavers and others
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10
Ethiopia’s Renaissance, Dams, and State-Led Development in the Twenty-First Century
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End Matter
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