
Contents
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9.1 ANXIOLYTICS AND THE SEPTO-HIPPOCAMPAL SYSTEM—AN OVERVIEW 9.1 ANXIOLYTICS AND THE SEPTO-HIPPOCAMPAL SYSTEM—AN OVERVIEW
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9.1.1 Anxiolytic action on the septo-hippocampal system 9.1.1 Anxiolytic action on the septo-hippocampal system
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9.1.2 Anxiolytics share the behavioural effects of septo-hippocampal lesions 9.1.2 Anxiolytics share the behavioural effects of septo-hippocampal lesions
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9.1.3 Changes in theta control mimic anxiolytic action and hippocampal damage 9.1.3 Changes in theta control mimic anxiolytic action and hippocampal damage
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9.2 THE DEFENCE SYSTEM 9.2 THE DEFENCE SYSTEM
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9.3 THE MOTOR/WORKING MEMORY SYSTEM 9.3 THE MOTOR/WORKING MEMORY SYSTEM
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9.4 THE ‘EMOTION’ SYSTEM 9.4 THE ‘EMOTION’ SYSTEM
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9.5 GENERAL APPROACH TO THE SEPTO-HIPPOCAMPAL SYSTEM 9.5 GENERAL APPROACH TO THE SEPTO-HIPPOCAMPAL SYSTEM
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9.6 THE ANATOMY OF THE SEPTO-HIPPOCAMPAL SYSTEM 9.6 THE ANATOMY OF THE SEPTO-HIPPOCAMPAL SYSTEM
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9.7 LONG-TERM MEMORY 9.7 LONG-TERM MEMORY
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9.8 ROLE OF THE SEPTO-HIPPOCAMPAL SYSTEM IN SENSORY PROCESSING 9.8 ROLE OF THE SEPTO-HIPPOCAMPAL SYSTEM IN SENSORY PROCESSING
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9.9 THE MISMATCH DETECTION SYSTEM 9.9 THE MISMATCH DETECTION SYSTEM
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9.10 AMINERGIC GATING SYSTEMS 9.10 AMINERGIC GATING SYSTEMS
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9.11 THETA ACTIVITY 9.11 THETA ACTIVITY
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9.12 CONCLUSION 9.12 CONCLUSION
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9 Fundamentals of the septo-hippocampal system
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Published:June 2003
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Abstract
This chapter reviews data that provide critical principals that need to be explained by any theory of the septo-hippocampal system: 1) that it mediates the action of all anti-anxiety drugs; 2) memories depend on synaptic plasticity outside the hippocampus with hippocampal plasticity representing re-programming of a machine not data storage; 3) the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus process goals (where/what combinations) with the distinction between ‘stimulus’ and ‘response’ being inappropriate at their level of the nervous system; 4) the hippocampus has no necessary involvement in any aspect of goal processing but modulates such processing when there is conflict between concurrent goals; 5) frontal cortex, cingulate cortex, hippocampus, and basal ganglia all deal with different aspects of response inhibition; 6) modern theories should account for all types of data on the hippocampus; 7) the hippocampus is phylogenetically old; 8) the hippocampus contains a set of logical gates; 9, 10, 11, and 12) the hippocampus inhibits the formation of incorrect associations rather than forming correct ones by recursive processing and so modulates, but is not part of classical sensory systems; 13) the hippocampus detects mismatch between expected and actual events; 14 and 15) monoamine systems act to alter the signal-to-noise ratio of hippocampal processing, each for a different types of event; and 16) rhythmic ‘theta’ activity is important for hippocampal processing, particularly when optimum performance is required.
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