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2 Why Tropical Forests Decline
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Published:January 2002
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Abstract
This chapter discusses the factors that have contributed in the decline of tropical forests. The over-exploitation of forests backed by the governments has led to increasing conflicts between the indigenous forest-using communities on the one hand and central authorities, migrants, and foreign companies on the other. The transnational corporations engaged in mining, logging, and oil-exploration operations often collude with the national governments to serve their own commercial interests. The failure of the market economy in providing proper market value for the ecological services provided by the forests and watersheds has also resulted in a lack of enthusiasm for forest conservation. Often, the agricultural policies of individual countries indirectly promote the deforestation and settlement of migrants. The role of international finance agencies such as the Asian Development Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank in promoting policies detrimental to the health of forests and the people around them are also discussed.
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