Formation of O ⁶ -ethylthioethylguanine in DNA by reaction with the sulfur mustard, chloroethyl sulfide, and its apparent lack of repair by O ⁶ -alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase

Abstract

The reactions of the monofunctional sulfur mustard, chloro-ethyl ethyl sulfide, with calf thymus DNA have been studied in vitro. In addition to extensive alkylation of the 7 position of guanine and the 3 position of adenine, - 0.1% of the total alkylation is on the O ⁶ position of guanine. Since chloroethyl ethyl sulfide is a model for S-adenosylmethionine and for the reactive intermediates generated from ghitathione by certain environmental agents, this result establishes a route by which these compounds could be mutagenic. A DNA substrate modified for repair studies has been produced by incubating calf thymus DNA with [ ¹⁴ C]chloroethyl-labelled chloroethyl ethyl sulfide. This DNA contains 6 nmol/mg of alkylated products including 6 pmol/mg O ⁶ -ethylthioethylguanine. Incubation of this substrate with up to a 20-fold excess of mammalian (O ⁶ -alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase has indicated that O ⁶ -ethylthioethylguanine is either not a substrate or a poor one for this DNA repair system.