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Race and “Legitimate Trade” Race and “Legitimate Trade”
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Mastery and Borderlands Mastery and Borderlands
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Running Away during Rebellion Running Away during Rebellion
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3 Naam: Race, Family, and Connection on the Borderlands (1680s–90s)
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Published:August 2022
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Abstract
This chapter analyzes how the same local and family connections that built dynasties of power among some white colonists were used to criminalize, constrain, mutilate, and marginalize enslaved people, as they struggled to make and maintain connection. Opening with the early business exploits of two men, Tom and Robert, the chapter stresses the wider currents that entwined but ultimately caused their life stories to diverge. Although both men traded within the same wider world and were heavily influenced by connections to Albany's female networks, Tom, a Black man enslaved to Robert Livingston, was ultimately criminalized by such associations, while Robert gained entrance into Albany's Dutch merchant and slaveholding elite through his wife, Alida. The chapter also discusses how similarities between diverse colonials uncover how racial difference emerged out of specific local and regional circumstances. The chapter chronicles how the political instabilities of perpetual warfare created opportunities for the enslaved to expand and exploit their own networks, even as it made them the targets of tightening legal strictures and borderland violence.
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