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Abstract
This chapter reconstructs the names and struggles of those enslaved to offer a multigenerational, and oftentimes migrational, portrait of enslaved families and individuals who loved, lived, negotiated, resisted, and died due to the conscious actions and ambitions of their enslavers. It examines the lives of enslaved people and the social experience of slavery and uncovers a myriad of perspectives—from the development of racial categorization to shifts in literary expectation. The chapter also challenges the archival bias and historical narrative that privileges such elites as actors. It highlights the ways that Northeastern slave networks affected and were directed by the actions of nonelite actors as well as how the “Northern gentry” was a contested and imagined community that was built on the subjugation of others as much as it was business partnerships and strategic marriages. Such Dutch-descended and Anglo-Dutch enslavers lived lives intertwined with the enslaved. The chapter recalls the mid-seventeenth century when New York was still New Netherland and controlled by the Dutch up to the end of the colonial period. It then analyzes the emergence of an interconnected Northeastern gentry bound by bondage.
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