
Contents
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What Are Values? What Are Values?
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The Philosophical Heritage of the Psychological Concept of Values The Philosophical Heritage of the Psychological Concept of Values
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Psychological Definition of Values Psychological Definition of Values
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The Motivational Content of Values The Motivational Content of Values
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Values as a Core Element of Culture and of Human Beings Values as a Core Element of Culture and of Human Beings
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The Phylogenetic Perspective on Human Values The Phylogenetic Perspective on Human Values
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The Ontogenetic Perspective on Human Values The Ontogenetic Perspective on Human Values
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Alternative (Metaphysical) Interpretations of Values Alternative (Metaphysical) Interpretations of Values
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Acknowledgments Acknowledgments
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Further Readings Further Readings
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References References
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18 Values and the Human Being
Get accessJan Cieciuch, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychology Cardinal Wyszynski University in Warsaw Warsaw, Poland
Psychology Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Published:06 November 2017
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Abstract
This chapter examines psychological and philosophical traditions in the study of values. It explores two perspectives on values that are useful for thinking about their role in understanding what it means to be human. The internal perspective focuses on the roles values play in the psychological functioning of people and how they relate to human essence. The external perspective describes how values are produced and acquired both in phylogenesis and in ontogenesis and how that contributes to human essence. It is suggested that the phylogenetic perspective explains the pan-cultural agreement in value hierarchies and the ontogenetic perspective explains both the assimilation of the cultural system of values and inter-individual diversity. The chapter also considers relations between personality and values and the metaphysical interpretation of values. Finally, it reflects on the relevance of values to human essence.
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