
Contents
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Emotional Upheavals, Disclosure, and Health Emotional Upheavals, Disclosure, and Health
-
Effects of Disclosure on Health-related Outcomes Effects of Disclosure on Health-related Outcomes
-
Procedural Differences That Affect Expressive Writing Procedural Differences That Affect Expressive Writing
-
Topic of Disclosure Topic of Disclosure
-
Topic Orientation: Focusing on the Good, the Bad, or the Benefits Topic Orientation: Focusing on the Good, the Bad, or the Benefits
-
Writing Versus Talking Alone Versus Talking to Others Writing Versus Talking Alone Versus Talking to Others
-
Actual or Implied Social Factors Actual or Implied Social Factors
-
Timing: How Long After A Trauma? Timing: How Long After A Trauma?
-
Timing of Writing Sessions Timing of Writing Sessions
-
Timing Between Writing Sessions Timing Between Writing Sessions
-
Time Until Follow-Up Time Until Follow-Up
-
Individual Differences Individual Differences
-
Educational, Linguistic, or Cultural Effects Educational, Linguistic, or Cultural Effects
-
-
-
Why Does Expressive Writing Work? Why Does Expressive Writing Work?
-
Individual and Social Inhibition Individual and Social Inhibition
-
Emotions and Emotional Expression Emotions and Emotional Expression
-
Habituation to Emotional Stimuli Habituation to Emotional Stimuli
-
Language and Emotions: Toward an A-to-D Theory of Emotional Processing Language and Emotions: Toward an A-to-D Theory of Emotional Processing
-
Use of Emotion Words in Writing Use of Emotion Words in Writing
-
Beyond Emotions: The Construction of a Story Beyond Emotions: The Construction of a Story
-
The Components of a Story: The Analysis of Cognitive Words The Components of a Story: The Analysis of Cognitive Words
-
Writing As a Way to Change Perspective Writing As a Way to Change Perspective
-
Expressive Writing and Social Dynamics Expressive Writing and Social Dynamics
-
The Big Picture: Life Course Correction The Big Picture: Life Course Correction
-
-
Conclusion Conclusion
-
Acknowledgments Acknowledgments
-
References References
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18 Expressive Writing: Connections to Physical and Mental Health
Get accessJames W. Pennebaker is a professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, TX.
Cindy K. Chung, Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin.
-
Published:18 September 2012
Cite
Abstract
This paper presents a broad overview of the expressive writing paradigm. Since its first use in the 1980s, dozens of studies have explored the parameters and boundary conditions of its effectiveness. In the laboratory, consistent and significant health improvements are found when individuals write or talk about personally upsetting experiences. The effects include both subjective and objective markers of health and well-being. The disclosure phenomenon appears to generalize across settings, many individual difference factors, and several Western cultures, and is independent of social feedback.
Sign in
Personal account
- Sign in with email/username & password
- Get email alerts
- Save searches
- Purchase content
- Activate your purchase/trial code
- Add your ORCID iD
Purchase
Our books are available by subscription or purchase to libraries and institutions.
Purchasing informationMonth: | Total Views: |
---|---|
October 2022 | 59 |
November 2022 | 17 |
December 2022 | 5 |
January 2023 | 14 |
February 2023 | 17 |
March 2023 | 42 |
April 2023 | 30 |
May 2023 | 16 |
June 2023 | 21 |
July 2023 | 29 |
August 2023 | 18 |
September 2023 | 13 |
October 2023 | 41 |
November 2023 | 23 |
December 2023 | 11 |
January 2024 | 16 |
February 2024 | 23 |
March 2024 | 55 |
April 2024 | 20 |
May 2024 | 20 |
June 2024 | 36 |
July 2024 | 16 |
August 2024 | 12 |
September 2024 | 20 |
October 2024 | 48 |
November 2024 | 25 |
December 2024 | 18 |
January 2025 | 19 |
February 2025 | 21 |
March 2025 | 72 |
April 2025 | 23 |
Get help with access
Institutional access
Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways:
IP based access
Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.
Sign in through your institution
Choose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic.
If your institution is not listed or you cannot sign in to your institution’s website, please contact your librarian or administrator.
Sign in with a library card
Enter your library card number to sign in. If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian.
Society Members
Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways:
Sign in through society site
Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. If you see ‘Sign in through society site’ in the sign in pane within a journal:
If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society.
Sign in using a personal account
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. See below.
Personal account
A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions.
Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members.
Viewing your signed in accounts
Click the account icon in the top right to:
Signed in but can't access content
Oxford Academic is home to a wide variety of products. The institutional subscription may not cover the content that you are trying to access. If you believe you should have access to that content, please contact your librarian.
Institutional account management
For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Here you will find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more.