
Contents
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2.1 Introduction 2.1 Introduction
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2.2 Determining the results of language contact 2.2 Determining the results of language contact
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2.3 The prehistoric period 2.3 The prehistoric period
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2.3.1 Socio-historical background 2.3.1 Socio-historical background
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2.3.2 The linguistic situation in prehistoric Ireland 2.3.2 The linguistic situation in prehistoric Ireland
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2.4 Learned multilingualism: the arrival of Latin learning 2.4 Learned multilingualism: the arrival of Latin learning
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2.4.1 Socio-historical background 2.4.1 Socio-historical background
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2.4.2 The linguistic impact of using the Latin language 2.4.2 The linguistic impact of using the Latin language
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2.5 Viking settlements and contacts 2.5 Viking settlements and contacts
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2.5.1 Socio-historical background 2.5.1 Socio-historical background
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2.5.2 Linguistic impact of Old Norse 2.5.2 Linguistic impact of Old Norse
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2.6 The arrival of the ‘English’ 2.6 The arrival of the ‘English’
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2.6.1 Earliest contacts between Ireland and Britain 2.6.1 Earliest contacts between Ireland and Britain
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2.6.1.1 Linguistic outcomes of the early English–Irish contacts 2.6.1.1 Linguistic outcomes of the early English–Irish contacts
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2.6.1.2 Adding the English Viking network 2.6.1.2 Adding the English Viking network
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2.6.2 Contacts with the Anglo-Normans 2.6.2 Contacts with the Anglo-Normans
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2.6.2.1 Linguistic impact of Norman settlement in Ireland 2.6.2.1 Linguistic impact of Norman settlement in Ireland
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2.7 Discussion 2.7 Discussion
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2.8 Conclusion 2.8 Conclusion
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References References
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2 Language in Early Ireland
Get accessPatricia Ronan holds a chair of English Linguistics at TU Dortmund University. She received her PhD at Maynooth University, Ireland, and she has held further positions in Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and Germany. Her main research interests are in language variation and language contact, with foci on English and the Celtic languages. At the time of writing, she is co-editing volumes on language and migration, linguistic inclusion of migrants, corpus linguistics in the English-language classroom, and corpus pragmatics. She is co-authoring an introduction to multilingualism and is working, amongst other projects, on the development of linguistic varieties in language contact situations, on variationist pragmatics, and on media language.
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Published:18 December 2023
Cite
Abstract
This chapter traces the linguistic situation in Ireland from the earliest attested stages of language use, Early Irish, through the arrival of Latin as a language of learning and Old Norse, which was brought by Viking settlers in the closing centuries of the first millennium bce, until the arrival of Anglo-Norman settlers to the end of the medieval period (c.1200 ce). It is shown that from early stages on, early Irish society has been multilingual. In this society the Irish language was a language of high prestige until the arrival of the first Anglo-Norman settlers and for a considerable period beyond this. Historical developments as well as the societal and political situation in the pre-modern period are related to and discussed in the context of typical developments in language contact.
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