The patient experience in a virtual peer support group for patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity during the corona virus disease 19 pandemic: interview themes from a pilot study

Abstract

Background

Type 2 diabetes and obesity are lifelong conditions that require extensive lifestyle modifications. During the corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, in-person medical care was risky. Many patients suffered from isolation and loneliness. One remedy which would address both the need for obesity and diabetes-related self-management and social isolation is peer support groups. There is considerable evidence for the effectiveness of peer-led programs in weight management and in diabetes self-management. No prior study has evaluated the impact of a virtual peer support group for diabetes.

Objectives

To determine the feasibility and acceptability of a virtual peer support group for patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity [body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m²].

Methods

Patients at an urban, Midwestern healthcare system enrolled in an 18-month remote (Zoom) (November 2021–May 2023) peer support group. Weekly meetings featured peer discussions on topics related to diabetes self-management. Semi-structured interviews post-intervention underwent independent thematic analysis by two coders until a set of common themes emerged.

Results

All participants expressed satisfaction and enjoyment with the study. The opportunity to connect with peers, increase awareness of the importance of diabetes management behaviors, and learn new skills were cited as meaningful. Many participants lived alone, making the social support offered by the group especially valuable.

Conclusions

A long-term stand-alone virtual diabetes peer support group filled an important social and emotional need among its members, especially among those who were most isolated. To achieve long-term behavioral change and healthier outcomes, the support group may need to be paired with individual counseling.

diabetes, telemedicine, lifestyle management, health behavior change, obesity management