
Contents
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Patriarch Ying: from failed novice to determined preacher Patriarch Ying: from failed novice to determined preacher
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A driven life A driven life
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Establishing a center in Wenzhou Establishing a center in Wenzhou
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Patriarch Ying’s final gathering at the Zhang residence Patriarch Ying’s final gathering at the Zhang residence
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The movement in southern Zhejiang The movement in southern Zhejiang
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The subsequent fate of the lineage of Patriarch Ying The subsequent fate of the lineage of Patriarch Ying
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The movement’s canonical texts The movement’s canonical texts
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Patriarch Yao: from food peddler to religious leader Patriarch Yao: from food peddler to religious leader
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The early years The early years
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Becoming Patriarch Ying Becoming Patriarch Ying
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The patriarch and his followers The patriarch and his followers
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The final years The final years
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The religious environment The religious environment
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Religious opponents and competitors Religious opponents and competitors
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The struggle for religious recognition The struggle for religious recognition
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Contemporary witnesses Contemporary witnesses
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Concluding observations Concluding observations
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3 Charismatic Teachers against the Current
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Published:November 2014
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Abstract
Although not the historical founders, the figures of Ying Ji’nan (1527/1540-1582) and Yao Wenyu (1578-1646) loom large in the early history of the movement. Ying Ji’nan claimed to be the incarnation of Patriarch Luo, while Yao Wenyu claimed to be the incarnation of Ying Ji’nan, despite the fact that their lives overlapped by almost five years. Ying Ji’nan kept strictly to the iconoclastic teachings of the Five Books in Six Volumes and was arrested numerous times while in front of or very close to the magistrate’s offices. Yao Wenyu was only slightly more willing to compromise, but successfully ducked persecution a various points in his life. He was a very active traveler and missionary, who also faced a schism and repeated attacks by local ritual specialists. In the end, he got entangled in the violent transition of power from the Ming and Qing dynasties, and was betrayed by his own stepson.
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