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Ethical considerations for advancing research using organoid models derived from the placenta
Olivier J M Schäffers and others
BACKGROUND The advent of organoid culture systems has revolutionized our ability to model and study complex tissues in vitro . The placenta is one of the last human organs to have a functional organoid model developed: trophoblast organoids. These 3-dimensional structures, derived from placental ...
Genetic and reproductive strategies to prevent mitochondrial diseases
Noemi Castelluccio and others
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diseases pose unique challenges for genetic counselling and require tailored approaches to address recurrence risks and reproductive options. The intricate dynamics of mtDNA segregation and heteroplasmy shift significantly impact the chances of having affected children. In ...
Molecular insights into sperm head shaping and its role in human male fertility
Jiaxin He and others
BACKGROUND Sperm head shaping, controlled by the acrosome-acroplaxome-manchette complex, represents a significant morphological change during spermiogenesis and involves numerous proteins expressed in a spatially and temporally specific manner. Defects in sperm head shaping frequently lead to ...
Harnessing omics data for drug discovery and development in ovarian aging
Fengyu Zhang and others
BACKGROUND Ovarian aging occurs earlier than the aging of many other organs and has a lasting impact on women’s overall health and well-being. However, effective interventions to slow ovarian aging remain limited, primarily due to an incomplete understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms ...
Defects in mRNA splicing and implications for infertility: a comprehensive review and in silico analysis
Kuokuo Li and others
BACKGROUND mRNA splicing is a fundamental process in the reproductive system, playing a pivotal role in reproductive development and endocrine function, and ensuring the proper execution of meiosis, mitosis, and gamete function. Trans-acting factors and cis-acting elements are key players in mRNA ...
Parental conditions, modifiable lifestyle factors, and first trimester growth and development: a systematic review
Naomi Graafland and others
INTRODUCTION The embryonic period in human development is the foundation of lifelong and even transgenerational health. Although previously believed to be uniform, there is increasing evidence that embryonic growth is influenced by the conditions and modifiable lifestyle factors of parents in the ...
Fertility in transgender and gender diverse people: systematic review of the effects of gender-affirming hormones on reproductive organs and fertility
C De Roo and others
BACKGROUND Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people seek gender-affirming care at any age to manage gender identities or expressions that differ from their birth gender. Gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) and gender-affirming surgery may alter reproductive function and/or anatomy, ...
Development and validation of a gonadotropin dose selection model for optimized ovarian stimulation in IVF/ICSI: an individual participant data meta-analysis
Nienke Schouten and others
BACKGROUND The ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation varies widely among women, and could impact the probability of live birth as well as treatment risks. Many studies have evaluated the impact of different gonadotropin starting doses, mainly based on predictive variables like ovarian ...
Celebrating 30 years at Human Reproduction Update
Arne S Sunde and Madelon van Wely
Human Reproduction Update (HRU) celebrates its 30th anniversary in 2025. During these three decades, HRU has benefited from the leadership of five exceptional Editors-in-Chief (EICs), each serving a six-year term. The journal was founded in 1995 by Sir Robert (Bob) Edwards, who was followed by ...
The epigenetic approach of varicocele: a focus on sperm DNA and m6A-RNA methylation
Nushin Naderi and others
BACKGROUND Varicocele is an abnormal dilation and torsion of the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum due to venous reflux, primarily affecting the left side. It affects 15% of men and is a prevalent contributor to male infertility. Varicocele is a complex disorder influenced by genetic, ...
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