Instructions to Authors

Table of Contents

• How We Publish
• Peer Review Process
• Publication and Research Ethics
• Publishing Agreements and Charges
• After Publication
• Manuscript Submission Guide
  • Article Types
    • Research Article
    • On the Horizon
    • Letter to the Editor and Response to Comment
  • Manuscript preparation instructions
• Contact Us

How We Publish

ImmunoHorizons is a peer-reviewed fully open access journal publishing 12 issues per year online. All papers published in the Journal are made freely available online under open access publishing agreements, with applicable charges. Please refer to the open access section below.

After copyediting and review of the final proof, papers are published in an issue. This is considered the Version of Record of the paper. The Version of Record requires a correction notice for any changes after it is published, even if it is not yet placed in an issue. See the definitions of the Version of Record and other versions of the paper for more details.

Scope of the Journal

ImmunoHorizons is a fully peer-reviewed open access, online-only journal committed to advancing the knowledge of immunology. Criteria for publication include rigorous methodology with well supported conclusions that advance the field and are of broad interest. ImmunoHorizons will consider observations of interest even if complete mechanistic or functional characterization cannot yet be provided. ImmunoHorizons will also consider for publication novel methods, assays or computational tools, as well as initial characterizations of novel reagents, including mouse strains, clones and antibodies, even if biological insights have not yet been fully realized. Large descriptive data sets which are of interest to the field will also be considered.

Immunology Education
ImmunoHorizons invites research articles on immunology education, curriculum innovation, laboratory technique education, interdisciplinary approaches, and novel pedagogical strategies to inform future generations of immunologists. These submissions should contain a quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of the teaching method described. Please refer to our call for papers on immunology education for further details. 

In addition, the Editorial Board will consider perspective articles on current issues facing immunology educators and proposed innovative pedagogical or curricular solutions. All levels of education (secondary school, undergraduate, graduate, medical, and more) will be considered.

All submissions will undergo peer and editorial review.

Submitting to the Journal

ImmunoHorizons is the American Association of Immunologists' fully open-access peer-reviewed journal, committed to advancing the knowledge of immunology and immunology education. We appreciate your interest in submitting your manuscript to ImmunoHorizons and look forward to the opportunity to consider it. Learn more about the benefits of publishing in the Journal here.

ImmunoHorizons is an official publication of the American Association of Immunologists (AAI). To publish the Journal, AAI partners with Oxford University Press (OUP), a not-for-profit publisher and a department of the University of Oxford. Learn more about how publishing with OUP reinvests in the scholarly community on the OUP Authoring page.

After preparing your manuscript according to the guidance in the Manuscript preparation section, you can submit your work through the Journal’s online submission site. If you have not used our submission site before, you will need to create an account. Additional help and instructions are available on the submissions site as you go through the submission process. More information is available on the ScholarOne Manuscripts FAQ and help page.  Please contact us with any questions about submitting your manuscript.

Disclaimer

Statements of fact and opinion in the articles in ImmunoHorizons are those of the respective authors and contributors and not of the Journal, American Association of Immunologists, or Oxford University Press. Neither Oxford University Press, American Association of Immunologists, nor the Journal make any representation, express or implied, in respect of the accuracy of the material in the Journal and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. Readers should make their own evaluation as to the appropriateness or otherwise of the information included.

Press releases

If you would like to arrange an embargo date so that a press release can be issued simultaneously with the publication of your paper, please contact us as soon as possible. Once published, the paper cannot be temporarily withdrawn. If your paper has already been accepted, contact [email protected] to arrange an embargo date. If your manuscript is still under review, please contact the editorial office.

Peer Review Process

The Journal uses the ANSI/NISO Standard Terminology for Peer Review. If you would like further description of the peer review terms used here, please refer to the most recent standard definitions. If further clarification is needed, please contact the editorial office.

Peer review summary:

• Identity transparency: single anonymized
• Reviewer interacts with: editor
• Review information published: none
• Post publication commenting: on invitation

The Journal operates single-anonymized peer review, meaning that the identity of the authors is known to the editors and to the reviewers, but that the reviewers’ identities are known only to the editors and are hidden from the authors.

Once a submitted manuscript passes initial assessment by the Journal’s Editor-in-Chief, it will then be passed to a handling editor (Section Editor), who will oversee peer review and recommend a final decision. The Editor-in-Chief makes the final decision on the submitted manuscript.

Editors and reviewers must not handle manuscripts if they have a conflict of interest with an author or the content. Editors make every effort to avoid potential conflicts of interest in the assignment of other editors and peer reviewers. For more information, please see the section on Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. During the peer review phase, a manuscript is typically sent to 2 reviewers.

Authors may suggest 3 potential reviewers at submission. However, there is no guarantee the suggested reviewers will be selected by the Journal. Recommended reviewers should be experts in their field and able to provide an objective assessment of the manuscript without financial or interpersonal conflicts of interest with any authors. We encourage authors to consider reviewers from a diverse range of backgrounds, including those from under-represented communities.

At the time of submission, authors may request that up to 3 specific individuals not be used as reviewers of a manuscript. Please do so in the cover letter, along with a brief explanation as to why they should be excluded. However, there is no guarantee these individuals will be excluded by the Journal.

Statistical methods should be rigorous, and reporting of statistical findings should be accurate and complete. Editors may request an expert statistical review of any submission containing statistical analysis.

If a manuscript is accepted for publication, the reviewer comments will not be published alongside the paper.

For full details about the peer review process, see Fair editing and peer review or OUP author information.

Manuscript transfer

Receiving transfers

The Journal accepts original submissions as well as transfers from The Journal of Immunology. Reviewer reports may be included in the transfer . Transferred manuscripts may be sent out for additional peer review, and a decision will be made on the manuscript based on the feedback from all reviewers and the judgment of the editorial team of ImmunoHorizons.

Screening for misconduct

Manuscripts will be screened using iThenticate to help detect publication misconduct including plagiarism and redundant publication.

Appeals and complaints

Authors may appeal an editorial decision. To do so, please contact the editorial office, providing as much specific detail as possible about why the original decision should be reconsidered. Every appeal will receive a response within a reasonable timeframe. Please do not resubmit the manuscript in the interim.

To register a complaint regarding non-editorial decisions, the Journal’s policies and procedures, editors, or staff, please contact us. Complaints will be taken seriously and will be carried forward following COPE guidelines and processes and/or sanctions will be enacted if deemed appropriate.

Publication and Research Ethics

Authorship

Authorship is limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the design and execution of the work described. Any contributors whose participation does not meet the criteria for authorship should be acknowledged but not listed as an author. The Journal will contact all listed authors at the point of submission to confirm their role. For a detailed definition of authorship, please see the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) definitions of authors and contributors.

The Journal does not allow ghost authorship, where an unnamed author prepares the article with no credit, or guest/gift authorship, where an author who made little or no contribution is listed as an author. The Journal follows Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidance on investigating and resolving these cases. For more information, please see the OUP Publication Ethics page.

Natural language processing tools driven by artificial intelligence (AI) do not qualify as authors, and the Journal will screen for them in author lists. The use of AI (for example, to help generate content, write code, or process data) should be disclosed both in cover letters to editors and in the Methods or Acknowledgements section of manuscripts. Please see the COPE position statement on Authorship and AI for more details.

After manuscript submission, no authorship changes (including the authorship list, author order, and who is designated as the corresponding author) should be made without the approval of the editor. All co-authors must agree on the change(s), and neither the Journal nor the publisher mediates such disputes. If individuals cannot agree on the authorship of a submitted manuscript, contact the editorial office. The dispute must be resolved among the individuals and their institution(s) before the manuscript can be accepted for publication. If an authorship dispute or change arises after a paper is accepted, contact OUP’s Author Support team. COPE provides guidance for authors on resolving authorship disputes.

If authors intend to use Read and Publish funding to publish a manuscript under an open access license, note that changing the corresponding author to access those funds is not permissible. For more information on Read and Publish funding, see the open access charges section.

ORCID iD

Authors are encouraged to provide their ORCID iDs (Open Researcher and Contributor IDs) at submission and take advantage of the benefits of participating in ORCID. If authors do not already have an ORCID iD, they can register for free via the ORCID website.

As ORCID identifiers are collected, they are included in papers and displayed online, both in the HTML and PDF versions of the publication, in compliance with recommended practice issued by ORCID.

ORCID functionality online allows users to link to the ORCID website to view an author’s profile and list of publications. ORCID iDs are displayed on web pages and are sent downstream to third parties in data feeds, where supported.

If authors have registered with ORCID, they can associate their ORCID iD with their submission system account by going to their account details, entering their ORCID iD, and validating their details. Learn more about ORCID and how to link it to an author account.  

CRediT

The Journal uses the contributor roles taxonomy (CRediT), which allows authors to describe the contributor roles in a standardized, transparent, and accurate way. Authors should choose from the contributor roles outlined on the CRediT website and supply this information upon submission. Authors may choose multiple contributor roles per author. Any other individuals who do not meet authorship criteria and made less substantive contributions should be listed in the manuscript as non-author contributors with their contributions clearly described. Following manuscript submission, any changes to contributor roles require the approval of the editor.

Group Authorship

Groups (also known as corporate, organization, or collective names) who meet authorship criteria should be included in the main author list. Every individual in the group should fully meet the criteria for authorship. At least one individual must be designated on behalf of the group as the primary point of contact during the peer-review and production processes, as well as for correspondence following publication. You may list this individual separately in the main author list if desired. A complete list of the individual members of the group must be included in the manuscript under the “List of Contributors” heading.

The group name will be entered for a PMC citation. The names of the individual members of the group will be entered as collaborator names for PMC citation, in the order in which they are published in the paper. If an individual is named both in the main author list and as a member of the group, they will appear in PMC as both an author and a collaborator.

Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest

Authors

The Journal requires all authors to disclose any potential conflict of interest at the point of submission. It is the responsibility of the corresponding author to ensure that conflicts of interest of all authors are declared to the Journal. Conflicts of interest should be included as a clearly labeled section with the heading “Conflicts of interest” and placed at the end of the manuscript . If there are no interests to disclose, this section should state “none declared”.

A conflict of interest exists when the position, activities, or relationships of an individual, whether direct or indirect, financial or non-financial, could influence or be seen to influence the opinions or activities of the individual. For more information, refer to OUP’s definition of conflict of interest. The Journal follows the COPE guidance for any undisclosed conflict of interest that emerges during peer review, production, or after publication.

The corresponding author must submit a completed and signed International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) disclosure of potential conflicts of interest (COI) form for each author, by revision stage at the latest. A form must be submitted even if there are no interests to disclose, in which case the disclosure form and manuscript should state “none declared.” In addition, the manuscript must include a concise and accurate summary of any conflicts of interest declared in the ICMJE forms.

Peer reviewers

Individuals that have a conflict of interest relating to a submitted manuscript should recuse themselves and will not be assigned to oversee, handle, or peer review the manuscript.

If during peer review an editor, reviewer, or author becomes aware of a conflict of interest that was not previously known or disclosed they must inform the Editor-in-Chief immediately.

Editors and Editorial Board members

At initial submission, the corresponding author must declare if the Editor-in-Chief, an Editor, or an Editorial Board Member of the Journal is an author of or contributor to the manuscript. Another Editor without a conflict of interest will oversee the peer review and decision-making process. If accepted, a statement will be published in the paper describing how the manuscript was handled. The statement will read “[Author name] holds the position of [role] for ImmunoHorizons and has not peer reviewed or made any editorial decisions for this paper."

Previously published material

Authors should only submit a manuscript(s) to the Journal if:

• It is original work by the author and their co-author(s).
• It is not under consideration, in peer review, or accepted for publication in any other publication.
• It has not been published in any other publication.
• It contains nothing abusive, defamatory, derogatory, obscene, fraudulent, or illegal.

The submitting author must disclose in their cover letter and provide copies of all related or similar preprints, dissertations, manuscripts, published papers, and reports by the same authors (i.e., those containing substantially similar content or using the same, similar, or a subset of data) that have been previously published or posted electronically or are under consideration elsewhere at the time of manuscript submission. Authors must also provide a concise explanation of how the submitted manuscript differs from these related manuscripts and papers. All related previously published papers should be cited as references and described in the submitted manuscript.

The Journal does not discourage authors from presenting their findings at conferences or scientific meetings but recommends that they refrain from distributing complete copies of their manuscripts, which might later be published elsewhere without prior knowledge.

For previously published materials including tables and figures, please see the Reusing copyrighted materials section.

Preprints

Authors retain the right to make an Author’s Original Version (preprint) available through various channels and this does not prevent submission to the Journal. If accepted, the authors are required to update the status of any preprint, including adding a published paper’s DOI. For full details on allowed channels and updating a preprint, please see our Author self-archiving policy.

Reusing copyrighted material

Authors must obtain permission for any material used within a manuscript for which they are not the rightsholder, including quotations, tables, figures, images, data, or software. In seeking permissions for published materials, first contact the publisher rather than the author. For unpublished materials, start by contacting the creator. Copies of each grant of permission should be provided to the editorial office of the Journal. The permissions agreement must include the following:

• Nonexclusive rights to reproduce the material in the paper in ImmunoHorizons
• Rights for use in print and electronic format at a minimum, and preferably for use in any form or medium
• Lifetime rights to use the material
• Worldwide English-language rights

If authors have chosen to publish under an open access license but have not obtained open access re-use permissions for third-party material contained within the manuscript, this must be stated clearly by supplying a credit line alongside the material with the following information:

• Title of content
• Author, Original publication, year of original publication, by permission of [rightsholder]
• This image/content is not covered by the terms of the Creative Commons license of this publication. For permission to reuse, please contact the rights holder.

Our publisher, Oxford University Press, provides detailed Copyright and Permissions Guidelines, and a summary of the fundamental information.

Misconduct

Authors should observe high standards with respect to research integrity and publication ethics as set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Falsification or fabrication of data including inappropriate image manipulation, plagiarism, including duplicate publication of the author's own work without proper citation, and misappropriation of work are all unacceptable practices.  Allegations of ethical misconduct, both directly and through social media, are treated seriously and will be investigated in accordance with the relevant COPE guidance.

If misconduct has been established beyond reasonable doubt, this may result in one or more of the following outcomes, among others:

• If a submitted manuscript is still under consideration, it may be rejected and returned to the author.
• If a paper has already been published online, depending on the nature and severity of the infraction, either a correction notice will be published and linked to the paper, or retraction of the paper will occur, following the COPE Retraction Guidelines.
• The relevant party’s institution(s) and/or other journals may be informed.

Manuscripts submitted to the Journal may be screened with plagiarism-detection software; captured images may be screened with image-manipulation detection software. Any manuscript may be screened, especially if there is reason to suppose that part or all the of the manuscript has been previously published.

COPE defines plagiarism as “when somebody presents the work of others (data, words or theories) as if they were their own and without proper acknowledgment.”

COPE defines redundant/overlapping publication as “when a published work (or substantial sections from a published work) is/are published more than once (in the same or another language) without adequate acknowledgment of the source/cross-referencing/justification, or when the same (or substantially overlapping) data is presented in more than one publication without adequate cross-referencing/justification, particularly when this is done in such a way that reviewers/readers are unlikely to realize that most or all the findings have been published before.”

COPE defines citation manipulation as “behaviors intended to inflate citation counts for personal gain, such as: excessive self-citation of an authors’ own work, excessive citation to the journal publishing the citing article, and excessive citation between journals in a coordinated manner.”

Data fabrication is defined as intentionally creating fake data or misrepresenting research results. An example includes making up data sets.

Data falsification is defined as manipulating research data with the purpose of intentionally giving a false representation. This can apply to images, research materials, equipment, or processes. Examples include cropping of gels/images to change context and omission of selected data.

If notified of a potential breach of research misconduct or publication ethics, the Journal editor and editorial office staff may inform OUP and/or the author’s institutional affiliation(s).

Ethical research

The Journal follows Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines on ethical oversight.  We take research integrity seriously, and all research published in the Journal must have been conducted in a fair and ethical manner. Wherever appropriate, the Journal requires that all research be done according to international and local guidelines.

Human subjects

When reporting on human subjects, authors should indicate whether the procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Helsinki Declaration, which were developed by the World Medical Association. For non-interventional studies, where ethical approval is not required or where a study has been granted an exemption by an ethics committee, this should be stated within the manuscript with a full explanation. Otherwise, manuscripts must include a statement in the Methods section that the research was performed after approval by a local ethics committee, institutional review board and/or local licensing committee, or that such approval was not required. The name of the authorizing body and any reference/permit numbers (where available) should also be stated there. Please be prepared to provide further information to the editorial office upon request.

Human subjects must give written informed consent, or if they are minors or incapacitated, such consent must be obtained from their parents or guardians. Consent forms should cover not only study participation but also the publication of the data collected. Also, any patient or provider information should be anonymized to the extent possible; names and ID numbers should not be used in the text and must be removed from any images (X-rays, photographs, etc.). Please note blanking out an individual’s eyes in a photograph is not an effective way to conceal their identity. In studies where verbal, rather than written, informed consent was obtained, this must be explained and stated within the manuscript. If informed consent is not required or where a study has been granted an exemption, this must be included in the Methods section along with the name of the authorizing body. The Journal does not routinely collect consent forms, but authors should be prepared to provide written consent forms signed by the participants or other appropriate documentation to the editorial office upon request. For further guidance and examples, please refer to COPE’s guidance on consent.

Clinical trials

Clinical trials should be registered before enrollment of the first subject in accordance with the criteria outlined by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). When reporting primary or secondary analyses from a clinical trial, follow these criteria:

• Provide the trial registration number at the end of the Abstract.
• When the trial acronym is first used in the manuscript, provide the registration number and a link to the trial registration, which should be cited as a reference.
• If an author’s data has been deposited in a public repository and/or are being used in a secondary analysis, please state at the end of the Abstract the unique, persistent data set identifier, and repository name and number.
• When submitting the manuscript, authors must disclose any protocol alterations and all posting of results of the submitted work or closely related work in registries.
• In reporting randomized clinical trials, authors must comply with published CONSORT guidelines.
• Complete the recommended checklist and be prepared to provide it to the editorial office upon request.
• Present the recommended trial flow diagram as a figure in the manuscript or as supplementary material.
• If a manuscript reports on a randomized Phase II/III trial, authors must provide a brief description of the statistical plan of the original study that includes the primary and secondary endpoints, power calculation, and sample size.

Where available, registration numbers should be provided not only for the trial authors are reporting but also for any other trial mentioned in the manuscript. When the trial acronym is first used in the manuscript, provide the registration number and a link to the trial registration, which should be cited as a reference. 

Animal subjects

Studies involving animals require approval from the relevant institutional ethics committee or institutional animal use and care committee, and the research must be conducted in accordance with applicable national and international guidelines. All such manuscripts must include a statement in the Methods section providing details of the name of the committee(s) that approved the study, as well as the permit or animal license numbers where available. Where a study has been granted an exemption, this must be stated in the Methods section along with the name of the authorizing body. Please be prepared to provide further information to the editorial office upon request.

ARRIVE guidelines

Authors are encouraged to consult the ARRIVE guidelines recommended by the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3R).

Euthanasia or anesthesia methods

Where applicable, any euthanasia or anesthesia methods must be carried out in accordance with applicable veterinary guidelines. These methods must be described in detail in the manuscript.

Laboratory animals

Manuscripts describing research involving laboratory-based animals must include details on housing, husbandry, and steps taken to reduce suffering. In studies where experimental animals were euthanized, details must be provided on humane endpoints. Details on the planned behavioral observations or physiological measurements used to determine the humane endpoint must be described. Authors are advised to consult the NC3Rs guide on Humane Endpoints and the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Guidelines for the Humane Slaughter of Animals.

Inclusive language and images

As defined by the Linguistic Society of America, “Inclusive language acknowledges diversity, conveys respect to all people, is sensitive to differences, and promotes equal opportunities”. We encourage authors to consider using inclusive language and images when preparing a manuscript. For guidelines, please see the C4DISC Guidelines on inclusive language and images.

Accessibility

Written, visual, and audio content in the submission should be accessible to all. Please see the C4DISC guidelines for making text, images, charts, tables, and audio and video accessible.

Availability of data and materials

Where ethically feasible, the Journal strongly encourages authors to make all data and software code on which the conclusions of the paper rely available to readers. Whenever possible, data should be presented in the main manuscript or additional supporting files or deposited in a public repository. Visit OUP’s Research data page for information on general repositories for all data types, and resources for selecting repositories by subject area. When data and software underlying the research article are available in an online source, authors should include a full citation in their reference list. For details of the minimum information to be included in data and software citations see the OUP guidance on citing research data and software.

Choosing where to archive your data

Authors are highly encouraged to select a repository that issues DOIs as this helps to facilitate persistent linking to the dataset from the research article. You may refer to online resources such as FAIRsharing.org and re3data.org for lists of data repositories, including information on certification status and services offered.

Digital preservation

Content published in the Journal will automatically be deposited into digital preservation services, including CLOCKSS, the Global LOCKSS Network, and Portico. This ensures the long-term preservation of the work. Through LOCKSS, participating institutions can sustain access to content if the Journal were to otherwise be unavailable, even for a short period of time. Should the Journal ever cease to publish, or content would otherwise become permanently unavailable, long-term access to the archives of CLOCKSS and Portico would be triggered. Until such a trigger event were to occur, this content is not available to the public through CLOCKSS and Portico.

Self-archiving policy

Self-archiving refers to posting a copy of the work on a publicly accessible website or repository. Under certain circumstances, authors may self-archive versions of the work on their own webpages, on institutional webpages, and in other repositories. For information about the Journal's policy, and to learn which version(s) of the paper are acceptable for self-archiving, please see our Author self-archiving policy. 

Publishing Agreements and Charges

Authors, please read each section on the publishing agreement (also called a license) and charges carefully.

Publishing agreements

After a manuscript is accepted, authors will be asked to sign a license to publish through our licensing and payment portal, SciPris. The Journal is fully open access, meaning all papers in the Journal are published under an open access license. The corresponding author will need to arrange payment of an open access charge to publish in the Journal. This charge allows all published papers to be immediately and freely available to all readers immediately upon online publication. Editorial decisions occur prior to this step and are not influenced by payment or ability to pay.

Papers can be published under the following license types:

• Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY)
• Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial license (CC BY-NC)

Please see the OUP guidance on Licenses, copyright, and re-use rights for more information regarding these publishing agreement options.

Complying with funder mandates

Please note that some funders require open access publication as a condition of funding. If authors are unsure whether they are required to publish open access, they should clarify any such requirements with their funder or institution before selecting a license. Further information on funder mandates and direct links to a range of funder policies.

Charges

Open access charges

Please see the details of open access licenses and charges.  If authors select an open access license, then authors must pay the open access charge or request to use an institutional agreement to pay the open access charge through our licensing and payment portal, SciPris.

Read and Publish

OUP has a growing number of open access agreements with institutions and consortia, which provide funding for open access publishing (also known as Read and Publish agreements). This means corresponding authors from participating institutions can publish open access, and the institution may pay the charge. Find out which institutions have an open access agreement.

To be eligible for one of OUP’s Read and Publish agreements, the corresponding author must provide their qualifying institution as their primary affiliation when they submit their manuscript. After submission, changing the corresponding author in order to access Read and Publish funding is not permissible.

Waiver policy

Corresponding authors based in countries and regions that are part of the developing countries initiative receive a full waiver of their open access charge. For further details, please see our open access waiver policy.

Color charges

The Journal does not charge for color.

Page charges

The Journal does not have page charges.

Member discounts

Corresponding authors who are members of the Association of Immunology may be eligible for discounts on publication charges. Please provide the member identifier when prompted at the time of manuscript submission.

Open access charge discount:

• Member Charges for CC BY OA: $1,360
• Member Charges for CC BY-NC OA: $1,360

After Publication

Changes to published papers

The Journal will only make changes to published papers if the publication record is seriously affected by the academic accuracy of the published information. Changes to a published paper will be accompanied by a formal correction notice linking to and from the original paper. As needed, we follow the COPE guidelines on retractions.

For more information and details of how to request changes, including for authors who wish to update their name and/or pronouns, please see OUP’s policy on changes to published papers.

Promoting your work

As the author, you are the best advocate for your work, and we encourage you to be involved in promoting your publication. Sharing your ideas and news about your publication with your colleagues and friends could take as little as 15 minutes and will make a real difference in raising the profile of your research.

You can promote your work by:

• Sharing your paper with colleagues and friends. If your paper is published open access, it will always be freely available to all readers, and you can share it without any limitations. Otherwise, use the toll-free link that is emailed to you after publication. It provides permanent, free access to your paper, even if your paper is updated.
• Signing up for an ORCID iD author identifier to distinguish yourself from any other researchers with the same name, create an online profile showcasing all your publications, and increase the visibility of your work.
• Using social media to promote your work. To learn more about self-promotion on social media, see our social media guide for authors.

Find out how Oxford University Press promotes your content.

Manuscript Submission Guide

Article types

This journal publishes several different article types:

Research Article

Work from across the full spectrum of the immunology landscape will be considered. Research articles will be published in the following sections:

• Adaptive Immunity
• Clinical and Translational Immunology
• Infectious Disease
• Innate Immunity

The Journal also invites research articles on Immunology Education, curriculum innovation, laboratory technique education, interdisciplinary approaches, and novel pedagogical strategies to inform future generations of immunologists. These submissions should contain a quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of the teaching method described.

In addition, the Editorial Board will consider perspective articles on current issues facing immunology educators and proposed innovative pedagogical or curricular solutions. All levels of education (secondary school, undergraduate, graduate, medical, and more) will be considered.

Each piece should include:

• Unstructured Abstract—maximum word count: 250
  • The species of animals or species of origin of cells used in the manuscript must be clearly stated in the Abstract. Please ensure that the final few sentences (50 words or less) of the Abstract provide a succinct summary of the main point of the paper.
• Keywords—minimum of 3 and maximum of 5
• Optional: Featured Image
• May include tables and figures—no limit
• Must include the following back matter sections:
  • Acknowledgments
  • Author contributions (with CRediT details)
  • Funding: All funding sources, including grant support, must be disclosed and will be published within the Funding section; anonymous or pseudonymous funders are not permitted.
  • Conflicts of interest
  • Data availability
• References—no limit
  • References must be numbered as they appear in the text and should refer to primary literature rather than review articles wherever possible. Only published papers and papers in press may be included in the References. In press articles, i.e., papers not yet published, must be submitted as online attachments in PDF format at the time of article submission. NOTE: Do NOT submit as attachment papers that are already published, e.g., manuscripts published ahead of print. Such papers must be incorporated into the References and cited with their DOI numbers and year of publication. Citations of "manuscripts submitted for publication" (i.e., not yet accepted), "manuscripts in preparation," "unpublished observations," "manuscripts posted on preprint servers" (e.g. bioRxiv), and "personal communications" must appear parenthetically in the text. Written approval by the persons cited in personal communications must accompany the manuscript unless they are also authors of the manuscript submitted to the Journal.

Each submission must contain the following sections and use these terms as the first level section headers: Introduction, Materials and methods, Results, Discussion (Results and Discussion may not be combined).

In either the “Materials and methods” section or within the figure legends:

• For flow cytometry experiments, authors should specify the gating strategies
• Authors are encouraged to include the Minimal Information About T cell Assays (MIATA)

On the Horizon 

The Journal will publish invited commentaries called On the Horizon, focused on future directions in a specific area of immunology research. The articles should be 4-6 journal pages in length, including illustrations and references. Articles should provide succinct overviews of a research area but should maintain a focus "on the horizon," with the goal of highlighting current gaps in knowledge and major unanswered questions. Speculation is encouraged.

Authors interested in submitting an On the Horizon manuscript should submit a proposal, including an outline of the proposed review, by e-mail to the Editor-in-Chief.

Letter to the Editor and Response to Comment—maximum word count: 250

The Journal welcomes Letters to the Editor from readers offering relevant comments and providing objective and scholarly criticism of recently published articles in the Journal. Contributions should be constructive, professional, and polite. The Journal will only consider submissions pertaining to papers published in the past three months. After the initial Letter to the Editor and Response to Comment, no further submissions on the same topic will be considered.

At the discretion of the editors, Letters to the Editor being considered for publication may be sent to the authors of the original article to give them the opportunity to submit a Response to Comment. If an author does not submit a Response to Comment, the Journal may publish a statement indicating this to readers. To enable readers to evaluate the arguments presented, initial Letters to the Editor and Responses to Comments are linked to the original article, are typically published online simultaneously, and may be published together in the same issue.

Submitted Letters to the Editor will undergo an initial assessment by the editors, at which point they may be rejected, sent for revision, or accepted. At the discretion of the editors, Letters to the Editor may be sent for peer review or may be considered without external peer review. Letters to the Editor on the same topic or in response to the same article may be grouped, sent to the corresponding author of the original article for reply, and published at the same time. Authors of Letters to the Editor and Responses to Comments may be asked to complete authorship forms, disclose conflicts of interest, and sign publishing agreements (if accepted), as with any manuscript submitted or published in the Journal. The Journal may request revisions to Letters to the Editor and Responses to Comments for content, length, clarity, grammar, style, and format.

If you are interested in commenting on a published article, please e-mail the Editor-in-Chief.

Each piece should include:

• No Abstract
• Keywords—minimum of 3 and maximum of 5
• May include maximum of 1 table or figure
• Must include the following back matter sections:
  • Acknowledgments
  • Author contributions (with CRediT details)
  • Funding: All funding sources, including grant support, must be disclosed and will be published within the Funding section; anonymous or pseudonymous funders are not permitted.
  • Conflicts of interest
  • Data availability
• References— maximum of 10
  • References must be numbered as they appear in the text and should refer to primary literature rather than review articles wherever possible. Only published papers and papers in press may be included in the References. In press articles, i.e., papers not yet published, must be submitted as online attachments in PDF format at the time of article submission. NOTE: Do NOT submit as attachment papers that are already published, e.g., manuscripts published ahead of print. Such papers must be incorporated into the References and cited with their DOI numbers and year of publication. Citations of "manuscripts submitted for publication" (i.e., not yet accepted), "manuscripts in preparation," "unpublished observations," "manuscripts posted on preprint servers" (e.g. bioRxiv), and "personal communications" must appear parenthetically in the text. Written approval by the persons cited in personal communications must accompany the manuscript unless they are also authors of the manuscript submitted to the Journal.

Manuscript preparation instructions

General guidelines on preparing a manuscript for publication can be found on OUP’s Preparing and submitting a manuscript page. Specific instructions for ImmunoHorizons can be found below.

Pre-submission language editing

Authors may wish to use a language-editing service before submitting to ensure that editors and reviewers understand the manuscript. Our publisher, Oxford University Press, partners with Enago, a leading provider of author services. Prospective authors are entitled to a discount of 30% for editing services at Enago, through the OUP-Enago partner page.

Enago is an independent service provider, who will handle all aspects of this service, including payment. Authors are under no obligation to take up this offer. Language editing is optional and does not guarantee that the manuscript will be accepted. Edited manuscripts will undergo the regular review process of the Journal.

Cover letter

Authors may include a cover letter with their piece. The cover letter must include:

Title page

The full title page should include: 

• The title of the paper avoiding abbreviations, maximum of 120 characters
• A short title/running head for the paper of 60 characters or less  
• All full author names and affiliation addresses  
  • Full affiliation address elements include: Division/Department (if applicable), Institution/Organization, City, State abbreviation/Region abbreviation, and Country 
  • Dual lead and/or senior authorship should be indicated here. 
• Full mailing address and contact information of one corresponding author 
  • Full corresponding mailing address elements include: Division/Department (if applicable), Institution/Organization, Full Street/Road Address, City, State abbreviation/Region abbreviation/State name in full, Postal Code/Zipcode, and Country 
  • Full contact information includes: email address

Text abstracts

Text abstracts must be written in English and should be designed to summarise the essential features of the paper in a logical and concise sequence. The abstract should be included within the main manuscript file. 

Abstracts are required for all article types except for Letter to the Editor and Response to Comment. 

Abstracts should be unstructured, have a maximum length of 250 words, should briefly outline the findings that are being presented, and must not contain reference citations or abbreviations.  

Featured images

Authors of Research Articles are encouraged to submit a featured image, also known as a teaser image or TOC image, as part of the article. The featured image may be a figure selected from the article or an image not included in the article itself. It is presented under the article title in the online Table of Contents (or Advance Access listing) to entice the reader to click through to the article. The featured image can be submitted as a separate file, selecting the appropriate file-type designation in the journal’s online submission system. The file should be clearly named, e.g. featured_image.tiff. See this page for guidance on appropriate file format and resolution for graphics. The author should indicate in the submission system which image (if any) should be presented as the featured image for their article.

Acknowledgments

Authors of all article types are encouraged to submit an section, “Acknowledgments” which should be set as a single paragraph, clearly marked with a separate heading, and included at the end of the manuscript. 

Author names within this section should be given as closed initials with dots (C.J.D.). Do not include study funding or conflict of interest/disclosure information within this section, as that information should instead be included within the Funding or Conflicts of interest sections. 

Acknowledgments may consist of: a list of participants, investigators, or study groups within a group study; mention of previous presentations of the material; preprint information; additional contributions or thanks; contributions to the paper that do not qualify for authorship (see Authorship section for additional detail); deceased author details; and/or miscellaneous acknowledgments. 

Funding

Authors of all article types are required to submit a “Funding” section that is clearly marked with a separate heading and included at the end of the manuscript. 

Authors must fully declare all funding information relevant to the study, including specific grant numbers. If the funder is listed in the Crossref Open Funder Registry, the funder name should be included exactly as it appears within that database. Where grants were received by specific members of the author group, the authors should be identified using closed initials with dots (C.J.D.).

If no funding was received for the study, the authors should still include the section and state “None declared.”

Conflicts of interest 

Authors of all article types are required to submit a “Conflicts of interest” section that is clearly marked with a separate heading and included at the end of the manuscript. For more information, please refer to OUP’s definition of conflict of interest and the Authors’ section of the potential conflicts of interest section. 

Any listed authors in this section should be identified using closed initials with dots (C.J.D.). If there are no conflicts of interest to disclose, the authors should still include the section and state “None declared.” 

Style

The journal follows standard CSE style with a numerical citation system. More information on the journal style and reference examples are available here.

Please refer to these style requirements when preparing the manuscript. US spelling should be used throughout, except in quotations and in references.

Manuscript structure

For the initial submission of full-length manuscripts:

• A format-neutral manuscript may be submitted for the first round of review. Manuscripts do not need to be formatted according to the ImmunoHorizons guidelines for the initial submission, except that all authors must be listed for each reference. 
  • Note: Numbering of lines and pages, and easy-to-read figures will make the task of the reviewers and editors easier.
  • Please also see advice for manuscript preparation.
• Either a PDF of the entire manuscript (text, figures and tables), or individual manuscript, figure, and table files may be uploaded to the system. If individual files are uploaded, the system then creates a single PDF for review purposes.

For revised submissions, please follow the guidelines below:

• A 12-point serif font, preferably Times New Roman, is required for all text, except within the figures. Do not use compressed type format. Double-space the entire manuscript; number each line and each page.
•  Follow the Editorial Office instructions contained in the previous decision letter carefully and thoroughly.  A revised manuscript not returned within 9 months of the date of the decision letter will be considered a new manuscript and subject to a new, complete review.
• Individual manuscript, high resolution figure, and table files (even if they are unchanged from the previous submission) and a point-by-point reply to all referee comments must be uploaded to the system.  Authors should save copies for themselves of all the files in their original formats.
• The revised manuscript text must be marked to show changes using yellow highlighting (Microsoft Word files preferred).  Do not show deletions displayed by tracked changes because if the manuscript is accepted, this version will be immediately sent for publication.
• High-resolution figure files must be submitted.  Figures must be prepared as described under the Figures section.

Each of the following components should be included:

• Title Page
• Abstract
• Introduction, Materials and methods, Results, and Discussion sections
• Acknowledgments
• Funding
• Conflicts of Interest
• Author contributions (CRediT details)
• References
• Chemical Structures
• Abbreviations
• Footnotes
• Tables
• Figure legends
• Figures

Abbreviations

Abbreviations that may be used without definition are shown in the list of standard abbreviations.

Please define any nonstandard abbreviations at the first occurrence. Abbreviations and their definitions must be consistent throughout the text.

Nomenclature

1. Allergen nomenclature: The systematic allergen nomenclature of the World Health Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies (WHO/IUIS) Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee should be used for manuscripts that include the description or use of allergenic proteins. For manuscripts describing new allergen(s), the systematic name of the allergen must be approved by the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee prior to manuscript publication. To avoid the risk of delay of publication, authors are encouraged to apply for a new allergen name using the posted submission form at the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Website before manuscript submission. The systematic nomenclature consists of the first three letters of the taxonomic genus of the allergen source, followed by a space; the first letter of the species epithet, followed by a space; and an Arabic numeral usually indicating the chronological order in which the allergen was described. For example, the first allergen to be purified from the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is named “Der p 1”. Further examples of the systematic allergen nomenclature for over 500 allergens can be found at www.allergen.org. The submissions to the Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee will be kept confidential until publication if requested by the authors.
2. CD nomenclature: For the purpose of consistency, IH will follow CD nomenclature. For murine molecules, The JI will follow the nomenclature previously published (J. Immunol. 160: 3861-3868, 1998). For human molecules, standard CD nomenclature will be followed as updated (J. Immunol. 168: 2083-2086, 2002). See also HCDM.
3. Chemical names: Follow the IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature-Chemical Abstracts or the Chemical Abstracts Guide to Naming and Indexing of Chemical Substances for proper spelling and style of chemical names.
4. Chemokine/chemokine receptor nomenclature: The systematic name for chemokines and chemokine receptors should be used. The original name may be given in parenthesis if desired. See Cytokine 21:48-9, 2003.
5. Enzyme Nomenclature is the IH source for style and spelling of enzyme names.
6. Gene nomenclature for humans: The HUGO guidelines for gene symbols and nomenclature should be used for naming human genes; nomenclature of genome sequence variants should use the Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) nomenclature, summarized at http://varnomen.hgvs.org/. If commonly found in the literature, alternative nomenclature may be used in addition to HGVS nomenclature. Authors should submit all variants included in a manuscript to the relevant database (e.g., dbVar) for public release if the manuscript is published; the accession number and database URL should be included in the manuscript.
7. Gene and strain nomenclature for mice: Mouse Genome Informatics is a reference source for naming mouse genes. A current listing of inbred strains of mice and rats is also available at Mouse Genome Informatics. Authors are also encouraged to deposit their mapping data with the Mouse Genome Database (MGD) before publication and to include the assigned MGD accession numbers in their manuscripts. Information about electronic submission of datasets can be obtained at the Data and Nomenclature Submissions page. Gene symbols should be reserved with MGD in advance of publication.
8. HLA nomenclature: HLA nomenclature is updated periodically by the WHO Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System. Annual comprehensive revisions are published in Human Immunology. See also: EMBL-EBI.

Chemical structures

Manuscripts describing new chemical compounds whose use is integral to the manuscript’s conclusions must provide, either in the manuscript or through a publicly accessible web source, the chemical structure, synthesis and characterization of the compounds (including their purity) in enough experimental detail to allow other researchers to reproduce the synthesis and characterization.

Tables

Authors must number all tables (e.g., table 1, table 2, table 3) and reference them within the text in chronological order. Tables should be supplied in an editable format (such as Microsoft Word), and not embedded as an image file. Authors must place all tables at the end of the main text and each table should be submitted as a separate file.

Each title should include a title. Avoid excessive formatting such as the use of color and shading (which are not replicated in the published web version) and the use of tabbed spacing to indicate alignment. Ensure that any formatting or superscript symbols such as asterisks are explained in the table footnote. Provide units in column or row headers, rather than within the table body.

Figures

Figures should be submitted in one of the following file formats: .jpeg, .jpg, .png, .tiff, .pdf, or .eps. Images prepared as .bmp, .gif, or .doc/.docx files will not be accepted. Authors must include figure titles, legends, and captions within the manuscript file; they should not be included in the image files.

Figure files should be named simply to match their citation (e.g., fig1.tiff, fig2.eps) and numbered in order of their appearance within the manuscript. Authors must submit each figure as a single individual image file. Submit all panels of a multi-panel figure as one single figure file. Each panel should be labelled with a single capital letter (e.g., A, B, C, D – no brackets or periods) in the upper-left corner of each panel. Please also ensure that authors have permission to re-use or adapt any third-party image materials.

Figure legends should include a short title after the figure number. Where possible, symbols and patterns used to distinguish data should be defined in a key placed within the graphic rather than in the figure legend. All figure legends must specify the number of times each experiment was independently performed, as well as the number of animals or replicates in each experimental group. For flow cytometry experiments, authors should specify the gating strategies in the Materials and Methods section of the manuscript or within the figure legend.

Images of maps, charts, graphs, shapes, and diagrams are best rendered digitally as geometric forms called vector graphics. Vector images use mathematical relationships between points and the lines connecting them to describe an image. Because these file types do not use pixels, resolution does not apply to vector images. Save vector images as .eps or .pdf files and embed the fonts.

Images of photographs, paintings, or scans can be provided as raster images. Raster images should be saved as uncompressed .tiff files to avoid quality loss; .jpg/.png file formats are acceptable for raster images but may result in a lower resolution. The resolution of raster files is measured by the number of dots or pixels in a given area, referred to as “dpi” or “ppi.”

• Minimum resolution required for color half-tones: 300dpi
• Minimum resolution for grayscale half-tones: 600dpi
• Minimum resolution for combination half-tones and line art: 600-900dpi
• Minimum resolution for monochrome line art (complex or finely drawn): 1200dpi

Please also consider accessibility when designing each figure, so that all images can be easily understood by color-blind and visually-impaired readers. Guidelines for preparing different image-types, including recommendations for color palettes, color contrast, image layout, and text accessibility.

Please adhere to the following guidelines in preparing figures for manuscripts:

• Collecting images: If multiple images are compared to one another, collect each image in the same manner. Any post-collection processing should be applied in a uniform manner to all images. If differences in collection/post-collection are necessary, these need to be described in the legend or in the Materials and Methods section.
• Brightness and Contrast: Adjustments in brightness and contrast should be avoided if possible. If the brightness or contrast of an image needs minor adjustment, the adjustments must not obscure or eliminate any information and must be applied to the entire image. Significant adjustments should not be made. Do not use excessive contrast that removes background. Always note any adjustment in the legend or in the Materials and Methods section.
• Cloning Tools: Images should not be “airbrushed” (with Clone Stamp Tool/Clone Brush) to remove “blemishes”. Do not use cloning tools to insert something into an image from elsewhere.
• Gels/Blots: All gels should contain a positive and a negative control, and a set of molecular weight markers. For Western blots, control panels (actin, GAPDH, etc.) should come from a stripped and re-probed membrane of the same experimental blot shown. If this is not possible, the control blots should be derived from the same samples, and this should be indicated in the figure legend.
• Cropping: Conservative cropping of gels and blots to improve clarity and conciseness may be permitted if the following points are observed:
  • important bands must be retained
  • at least several band widths should be retained above and below the cropped band
  • cropping must be noted in the legend
  • band(s) of interest must be clearly labeled
  • molecular weight marker positions should be shown in all gels/blots
• Splicing: Occasionally, images are spliced to rearrange the order of samples for the sake of presentation, such as those in a Western blot. If splicing data from a single experiment is necessary, draw contrasting (black or white) vertical lines to indicate where the images were joined and state the manipulation in the legend. It would be preferable to re-run the gel so that the order is correct. Images from different experiments should not be spliced to form a single new image.

Figure accessibility and alt text

Incorporating alt text (alternative text) when submitting your paper helps to foster inclusivity and accessibility. Good alt text ensures that individuals with visual impairments or those using screen readers can comprehend the content and context of your figures. The aim of alt text is to provide concise and informative descriptions of your figure so that all readers have access to the same level of information and understanding, and that all can engage with and benefit from the visual elements integral to scholarly content. Including alt text demonstrates a commitment to accessibility and enhances the overall impact and reach of your work.  

Alt text is applicable to all images, figures, illustrations, and photographs. 

Alt text is only accessible via e-reader and so it won’t appear as part of the typeset article. 

Detailed guidance on how to draft and submit alt text. 

Cover Art

Cover art is selected from images in accepted articles and changes with each issue of the Journal. Authors are encouraged to submit color figures with their manuscripts for possible use as cover illustrations, using the “Cover Art” file type in the submission system. In order to be selected as cover art, the image file must have a resolution of at least 300 dpi at a size of 9" x 12".

3D figures/models

Authors of Research Articles are encouraged to submit 3D models for online publication as part of their manuscript. If you have created a 3D model (like the example here) that you would like to include with your manuscript, please see the instructions below:

Submission 

• Create a 3D model and host it in a personal or Editorial Office-managed Sketchfab account, setting it as public or generating a private link for sharing. Details of how to prepare your model for upload to Sketchfab can be found here. 
• The 3D model should be cited and numbered in the manuscript in sequence in a similar way to a regular figure (Model 1, Model 2, Model 3 etc).  
• A caption should be provided in the manuscript file like a regular figure, alongside a representative still image for the PDF (named clearly eg Model_2_placeholder.jpg).  The Sketchfab hyperlink to the model must be included in the caption. 
• You must submit written permission for the model to be transferred to the OUP Sketchfab account. 
• The 3D model will be peer reviewed alongside the other files. You should not make alterations to the model during peer review, except as part of submitting a revised version of the article, with commentary highlighting changes.  

Publication 

• An embedded version of the model will appear in the final online version of the article. In the article PDF, it will be replaced by a representative still image, cited in the text as ‘Model 1’ etc.     
• The following text will be added to the model caption, including the OUP Sketchfab account URL provided by OUP: ‘An interactive version of this model is available in the HTML version of this article online and at [Sketchfab URL].’ Any hyperlinks to your Sketchfab account included for the purposes of peer review will be replaced or removed. 
• 3D models will not be edited, relabelled or re-coloured during production.   
• The proof will feature a query for you featuring a link to the model on Sketchfab, enabling you to review the model in situ. If changes are needed, you should submit new files with your corrections, or you should send a link to the revised model on your personal SketchFab account. 

References

Authors may format references in any readable style at submission but all references will be reformatted to CSE numbered style during editing.

Authors are responsible for the accuracy of reference information and may be queried to provide any missing reference elements during proofing. Style files for the CSE reference manager are available here. PubMed is the primary source for journal name abbreviations.

References must be numbered as they appear in the text and should refer to primary literature rather than review articles wherever possible. Only published papers and papers in-press may be included in the References.

In-press articles, i.e., papers not yet published, must be submitted as online attachments in PDF format at the time of article submission. NOTE: Do NOT submit as attachment papers that are already published, e.g., manuscripts published ahead of print. Such papers must be incorporated into the References and cited with their DOI numbers and year of publication. Citations of "manuscripts submitted for publication" (i.e., not yet accepted), "manuscripts in preparation," "unpublished observations," "manuscripts posted on preprint servers" (e.g. bioRxiv), and "personal communications" must appear parenthetically in the text. Written approval by the persons cited in personal communications must accompany the manuscript unless they are also authors of the manuscript submitted to the Journal.

Supplementary material

Authors must submit supplementary data or supplementary material at the same time as the main manuscript. Supplementary material should enhance the main paper, but the paper must be able to stand on its own without the supplementary material. Supplementary material is primarily intended for short videos, large tables, large sequence alignments, or large data sets. Additional supplemental figures and tables that support the interpretation and conclusions drawn in the manuscript may, however, also be submitted for review with the manuscript.

• Supplementary materials must be cited in the text of the main manuscript. Style and formatting of supplementary material should be consistent with that of the manuscript.
• Supplementary material will be available online only and will not be copyedited or typeset. If revisions to supplemental figures or legends are needed at the proof stage, authors are responsible for revisions and should provide a complete, correct, and unannotated pdf file for the Supplemental figures and legends.
• Supplemental material must be submitted as clearly-labeled files that are separate from the main article file(s) during the online submission; select "Supplemental Data" as the "File Type" when uploading the files.
  • Apart from videos, all files must be either PDF or Excel file format; multiple PDF files should be combined into a single PDF file.
  • Supplementary videos must be 320 x 480 pixels or smaller for best viewing within a browser. Videos must be no longer than 30 seconds and under 10 MB, with no sound or voice-over. Videos must be submitted in MPG or QuickTime MOV format only to ensure system compatibility. Compress videos as much as possible to help control file size. Name videos by order of citation appearance (e.g., video1.mov). Select "Video" as the "File Type" when uploading the files during online submission. Authors will be notified if problems exist with videos as submitted and will be asked to take responsibility for modifications. No editing will be done to videos at the Editorial Office.
• Legends or short explanations must accompany all supplemental figures and videos; no other supplemental text is permitted in full-length manuscripts. Figure legends should be placed below the corresponding figure in the PDF. Legends for videos should be submitted in the single PDF for the supplemental material. Table legends must be prepared as footnotes to the table; all tables must have a title.
• Supplementary material may be hosted on OUP’s website or at one of our preferred partner sites, such as Dryad. Material hosted elsewhere (e.g. the author’s personal or institutional website, Google Docs, YouTube) is not allowed as links may expire.

Contact Us

For questions regarding submission and review, including appeals, authors can reach the editorial office by email at [email protected].

After a paper has been sent to production, authors can contact [email protected] for questions regarding the production process or publication. Please see the Changes to Published Papers section if authors need to request a substantive correction to a published paper.