Influence Factors and Life Satisfaction of Types of Older Adults’ Daily Time Use Using Latent Profile Analysis

Abstract The purpose of this study is to divide the daily time use of older adults into types, examine the influence factors of each type, and verify the difference in life satisfaction between types. We used a total of six variables, three variables (essential, compulsory, and leisure time use) for weekdays and the same three variables for weekends. We used data from the sixth wave of the Korea Retirement and Income Study (n=3,993). Latent Profile Analysis was used to classify the older adults’ (aged 65 and over) types of daily time use, resulting in a division into three types: essential activity-centered (16%), leisure-centered (26%), and balanced (58%). The weekend and weekday activities of each group did not differ. Compared with the balanced type, the significant factors of the essential activity-centered type were age (p<.01), work status (p<.001), and chronic disease (p<.001). In addition, the significant factors of the leisure-centered type were age (p<.05), gender (p<.05), subjective health (p<.001), work status (p<.001), and chronic disease (p<.001). Life satisfaction was lowest in the essential activity-centered type and highest in the balanced type; differences between the groups were identified (p<.000). Based on the results, we discuss practical interventions and the development of psychosocial programs for older adults. For the essential activity-centered type, living support is required because they spend more time sleeping and eating. In addition, we proposed the preparation of leisure programs applicable to the needs of older adults’ of the leisure-centered type, since their life satisfaction was lower than the balanced type.


SOCIAL SUPPORT AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING DO SOCIAL SUPPORT AND STRAIN MEDIATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHILDHOOD EXPOSURES AND FRAILTY IN LATER LIFE?
Monica Williams-Farrelly, and Kenneth Ferraro, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States Previous studies have identified the early origins of physical frailty, notably poor childhood health and socioeconomic status, but relatively few studies examine whether social support in later life mitigates the influence of early noxious exposures on frailty.Given the established relationship between health and social relationships in older adults, this research uses data from the Health and Retirement study (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016) to examine whether social support and strain mediate the effect of childhood exposures on frailty in later life.A series of linear regression and pathway models were estimated to test whether childhood exposures, including socioeconomic status, infectious and chronic diseases, impairments, and risky adolescent parental behaviors, were associated with phenotypic frailty (Fried et al. 2001).After adjusting for demographic and adult factors, accumulated childhood misfortune was directly (b=0.015,p<.01) and indirectly (b=0.007,p<.001) associated with more frailty.Average social support, but not strain, from one's spouse, children, family and friends significantly mediated the relationship between accumulated misfortune and frailty (b= -.002, p<.01).Path analysis revealed that social support reduces later life frailty directly (b=-0.106,p<.001) and indirectly through a reduction in adult morbidity (b=-0.031,p<.001).However, counterintuitively we found that accumulated misfortune was associated with more social support.Supplemental analyses reveal that one or more infectious diseases in childhood were responsible for the positive relationship (b= 0.393, p<.001).These results have implications for how we may reduce the burden of frailty on those who have experienced misfortune early in life.

INFLUENCE FACTORS AND LIFE SATISFACTION OF TYPES OF OLDER ADULTS' DAILY TIME USE USING LATENT PROFILE ANALYSIS
Joosuk Chae, Seok In Nam, Haesol Won, and Juyoung Lee, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea The purpose of this study is to divide the daily time use of older adults into types, examine the influence factors of each type, and verify the difference in life satisfaction between types.We used a total of six variables, three variables (essential, compulsory, and leisure time use) for weekdays and the same three variables for weekends.We used data from the sixth wave of the Korea Retirement and Income Study (n=3,993).Latent Profile Analysis was used to classify the older adults' (aged 65 and over) types of daily time use, resulting in a division into three types: essential activitycentered (16%), leisure-centered (26%), and balanced (58%).The weekend and weekday activities of each group did not differ.Compared with the balanced type, the significant factors of the essential activity-centered type were age (p<.01), work status (p<.001), and chronic disease (p<.001).In addition, the significant factors of the leisure-centered type were age (p<.05), gender (p<.05), subjective health (p<.001), work status (p<.001), and chronic disease (p<.001).Life satisfaction was lowest in the essential activity-centered type and highest in the balanced type; differences between the groups were identified (p<.000).Based on the results, we discuss practical interventions and the development of psychosocial programs for older adults.For the essential activity-centered type, living support is required because they spend more time sleeping and eating.In addition, we proposed the preparation of leisure programs applicable to the needs of older adults' of the leisure-centered type, since their life satisfaction was lower than the balanced type.

INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS, SOCIAL SUPPORT, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG KOREAN OLDER ADULTS
Yooumi Lee, and Janet Wilmoth, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States This study investigates whether intergenerational relationships and social support improve the psychological well-being of Korean older adults.We examine whether intergenerational relationships and social support directly influence psychological well-being and the extent to which they mediate the distressing consequences of life events such as declining health and recent widowhood.Using longitudinal data from the 2006 to 2016 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, we explore depression trajectories among individuals who are 60 or older with at least one living adult child at baseline.Specifically, we converted data from 5,383 older adults into a person-period file with 24,726 observations over a ten-year period.Then we estimated linear growth curve models of depression trajectories separately for men and women using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).Results from the hierarchical linear models indicate that declining health and recent widowhood are positively related to depressive symptoms.Satisfactory intergenerational relationships and social support in the form of personal interactions and proximate living arrangements with adult children decrease depressive symptoms of older parents, especially among women.We conclude that the psychological benefits of intergenerational relationships and social support are contingent upon the vulnerability of older adults and discuss the implications for public policy.Negative marital quality is associated with poor health outcomes.Purpose in life can serve as a psychological resource to buffer the stressors experienced from a negative marital relationship.Yet, the associations among negative martial quality, a person's level of purpose in life, and depressive symptoms have not been fully explored in a dyadic context.We examined the actor (intra-individual) and partner (cross-spousal) effects of negative marital quality on depressive symptoms in couples and the potential mediating role of purpose in life.Structural equation modeling was used to analyze cross-sectional data on middle-aged and older married, heterosexual couples (N=1,235) who participated in the 2016 wave of the Health and Retirement Study.The final model had an acceptable fit to the data (TLI=.963,RMSEA=.040,SRMR=.038).At the actor level, negative relationship quality was positively associated with depressive symptom severity, and purpose in life mediated the relationship in wives and husbands.At the partner level, wives had more depressive symptoms when husbands reported higher negative marital quality.Comparatively, husbands had less depressive symptoms when their wives indicated a greater sense of purpose.Husbands also had a lower purpose in life when their wives had higher states of negative marital quality.This study highlights the psychological benefits of allaying negative perceptions of marital quality and enhancing the sense of purpose in middle-aged and older couples.The results support a focus on dyadic approaches to improve the psychological health, and potentially, the physical health status of middle-aged and older couples.

THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL ACTIVITIES ON THE LIFE SATISFACTION OF KOREAN OLDER ADULTS Meeryoung Kim, Daegu University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
As life expectancy increases, older adults need to find ways to occupy their time for 20-30 years.For Korean older adults, social activities such as having relationships with others as well as, involvement in organizations and volunteer work, are important for their social identity.Social activities are one of the categories of Rowe and Kahn's successful aging, this study examined the effect of having relationships, involvement in organizations and volunteering on the life satisfaction of older adults.This study used the 6th additional wave of the Korean Retirement and Income Study (2016).The target population was older adults (50~59, 60~74, 75+).The sample size was 1,921, 2,344 and 962 respectively.For data analysis, ANOVA and multiple regressions were used.The demographic variables were controlled.As for independent variables, having relationships, involvement in organizations, and volunteering were used.For the dependent variable, life satisfaction was used.Having relationships, involvement in organizations and volunteering were significantly different by age group.For each age group, the factors affecting life satisfaction differ.For the middle aged group, involvement in organizations and volunteering were significant factors affecting life satisfaction.For youngold adults, volunteering had the most significant effect on life satisfaction.Finally, for old-old adults, both having human relations and involvement in organizations were significant.These findings imply that social activities differ by age group.Also, the kind of activities affecting life satisfaction differ by age group.These findings imply that it is important for older adults to be involved in society, in various ways.

SESSION 3004 (PAPER)
SEXUAL HEALTH AND HIV/AIDS BARRIERS TO SUCCESSFUL AGING AMONG OLDER WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV: A QUALITATIVE STUDY Anna Rubtsova, 1 Tonya Taylor, 2 Gina Wingood, 3 Igho Ofotokun, 4 Deborah Gustafson, 5 and Marcia Holstad, 1 1.Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 2. SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University,Brooklyn,New York,United States,3. Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health,New York,New York,United States,4. Emory University School of Medicine,Atlanta,Georgia,United States,5. SUNY