Volume 104, Issue 11, November 2019

Ten SDHD patients developed biochemically silent sympathetic paraganglioma, pheochromocytoma, or metastases. Intensified imaging may be warranted irrespective of hormonal activity in SDHD patients.

Psychogenic adipsia can occur in those with mild depression.

Two siblings of a Taiwanese family with GRA were found to have adrenal adenomas and somatic KCNJ5 mutation. Complete clinical cure was achieved after unilateral adrenalectomy.

Acromegaly treated with pasireotide/pegvisomant combination therapy after resistance to first- and second-line therapies is described and compared with acromegaly responsive to second-line therapies.

CIADM represents a new class and increasingly common cause of autoimmune diabetes that is distinct from T1D in onset and cause; it is characterized by sudden complete β-cell failure after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

This systematic review shows that treatment of Cushing syndrome improves quality of life and cognitive functioning, without achieving normalization compared with healthy controls.

Coffee and caffeine consumption have been examined in relation to the risk of ovarian cancer. We found no significant association among caffeine intake or coffee type and the risk of ovarian cancer.

In patients with advanced CKD, changes in several factors underlying insulin–glucose dynamics, in addition to decreased renal insulin clearance, necessitate detailed attention to insulin dosing.

This manuscript provides a bench-to-bedside review of the evidence supporting a potential therapeutic role for endogenous incretin hormones and exogenous incretin-derived medications in sepsis.

In this review, we summarize current knowledge of placental dysfunction in human and animal models of PCOS and propose future directions for placental research in the population with PCOS.

Recent studies show that increased serum osmolarity and high serum vasopressin levels might be novel independent risk factors for the development of hypertension and kidney and cardiovascular disease.

Angiogenesis is a fundamental biological process in health and disease. We herein review alterations of angio/vasculogenesis in diabetes and how they contribute to disease onset and complications.

This perspective explores current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of PCOS-specific insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Here, we highlight major gaps in knowledge and new opportunities.

This study showed a sharply higher mortality risk of stage II thyroid cancer in patients <45/55 years old than in older patients, emphasizing the importance of age in differentiating stage II DTC.

The serotonin signaling pathway is upregulated in adrenal tissues exposed to high levels of ACTH or harboring constitutive activation of the cAMP protein kinase A pathway.

Neck lymph node recurrences are rare in low/intermediate-risk PTCs with no evidence of disease after surgery. Subsequent sonography can be deferred if the serum Tg level is <1 ng/mL.

This is a population study conducted to investigate the association between hypothyroidism and sleep apnea in the United States. A significant association between these two conditions was found.

In a longitudinal study, declining FT4 concentrations, suggestive for central hypothyroidism, were associated with adverse physical health outcomes in children with brain tumor after radiotherapy.

Genome-wide analysis of eight steroid hormones revealed 15 novel loci involving several steroid-converting enzymes. Mendelian randomization found four steroids causally related to coronary artery disease.

Compared with a single AMH measurement, the use of serial AMH measurements does not improve the prediction of menopause.

Maternal and offspring genetic risks of type 2 diabetes were independently and differentially associated with offspring birthweight among African ancestry populations.

Changes in maternal thyroid hormone were postulated to mediate the associations between metal exposure and birth outcomes. We found maternal FT3 or FT3/FT4 ratio were mediators in these associations.

Patients with aldolase B deficiency, a defect in fructose metabolism, are characterized by increased hepatic fat content and glucose intolerance compared with age-, sex-, and BMI-matched controls.

Increased adrenal steroid precursors that accumulate in untreated patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia have glucocorticoid activity in vitro.

In this 20-year follow-up study of HRQoL of women with Turner syndrome, no association between HRQoL and previous GH treatment was found, calling the relevance of GH treatment into question.

Composite control of modifiable risk factors, such as glucose, BP, or current smoking, was sufficient to bring CAD risk in patients with DM below that for the non-DM group who had two targets achieved.

We report the incremental diagnostic value with consequent management impact of GaTate PET/CT compared with MRI or CT in follow-up of patients with SDHx pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma.

This international chart review of patients with lipodystrophy syndromes describes the disease natural history and highlights differences between generalized and partial forms.

Treatment of hypoparathyroidism rhPTH(1-84) for 5 years had a safety profile consistent with other studies and improved key biochemical parameters, including normalization of urinary calcium level.

A retrospective analysis of transwomen using MPA found minimal side effects, unchanged E levels, and a decline in testosterone.

Predominantly pure noradrenaline, without concomitant adrenaline overproduction, has a long-term effect on the cardiovascular system in pheochromocytoma/functional paraganglioma.

Chronic endocrine and metabolic conditions adversely affected health-related quality of life and physical activity among adult survivors of childhood cancers followed in a large North American cohort.

Morning RE performed while fasting increases blood glucose, whereas RE performed later in the day decreases blood glucose in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

We observed that 8 weeks of hypoxia training did not further enhance insulin sensitivity and markers of oxidative phosphorylation compared with endurance training under normoxia in older women and men.

Alirocumab 300 mg Q4W was generally well tolerated and efficacious for improving lipid levels (e.g., LDL-C and non–HDL-C) in individuals with T2DM receiving maximally tolerated statin therapy.

Proteomics and experiments in HepG2 cells showed that haptoglobin is dysregulated in GHD. GH treatment inhibits Hp secretion through mechanisms involving both GH and potentially IGF-1.

We describe several umbilical cord miRNAs nominally associated with catch-up growth and identify miR-576-5p as a novel potential predictor of increased waist circumference and renal fat at 6 years.

After TSA, pre- and postoperative SST cortisol levels can predict 6-week HPA axis recovery. Recovery occurs even 12 months after TSA, demonstrating the need for periodic retesting.

Prenatal and early postnatal exposures to perfluoroalkyl substances were associated with decreases in adipokine hormone levels over the childhood period in a sex-specific manner.

We studied the effect of lipid on oxidative stress in PCOS. We found increased obesity-independent lipid-stimulated oxidative stress in PCOS that is linked to insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism.

We have shown that the serum levels of classic and nonclassic C19-steroids decline with age and provided reference ranges for estrogens and androgens stratified by menstrual cycle stage, BMI, and age.

Lavender-containing fragrances may cause premature thelarche and prepubertal gynecomastia.

We studied the association of inpatient glucose data with amputations in patients admitted for acute diabetic foot. Hypoglycemia emerged as an independent risk factor for any and major amputations.

Plasma AgRP levels are elevated in active acromegaly and decrease with treatment with surgery or pegvisomant, providing evidence of a stimulatory effect of GH on plasma AgRP in humans.

The metabolomic urine profile of SDHx mutation carriers with pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas is distinct from that of asymptomatic carriers and from that of their sporadic tumor counterparts.

In this vitamin D intervention study on 913 infants, GC genotype, diplotype, and haplotype affected vitamin D status and response to supplementation in participants randomized to receive 30 µg/d.

Withholding early parenteral nutrition to supplement insufficient enteral nutrition improves clinical outcome of critically ill patients despite further suppressing the GH axis.

Patients with incidentally discovered adrenal tumors showed different steroid profiles, depending on adrenal gland morphology, hormone secretion, and sex, with implications for blood pressure control.

We found that TMAO, TMA, and its precursors were all associated with GDM. A high conversion rate to TMA and a low rate to TMAO had a synergistic effect on GDM.

This is a retrospective review of thyroid function in children and young adults treated with amiodarone. We found approximately one-third of patients developed amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction.

The endometriosis-related reduction of ovarian reserve is at least partially caused by the excessive activation of primordial follicles, which is mediated by the PI3K-PTEN-Akt-Foxo3 pathway.

Lipid profiling alterations at the window of implantation in patients with premature P rise on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin administration.

Type 1 glycogenosis is a rare disease associated with malnutrition. The measured REE was elevated in five patients and contributed to explaining the occurrence of malnutrition.

Our study revealed that IL13RA2 is differentially regulated in thyroid cancer and is correlated with advanced tumor stage.

We set out to characterize slow progression from seroconversion to overt type 1 diabetes. We found differences in autoantibodies and the season of birth, but no features specific for slow progression.

This Mendelian randomization study found no association of genetic predisposition to higher serum parathyroid hormone concentrations with coronary artery disease.

rhPTH(1-84) therapy is safe and effective in hypoparathyroidism. Supplemental calcium and active vitamin D requirements decrease and serum calcium is maintained; renal function is stable.

This is a head-to-head comparison study using 14 years of electronic medical records. We compared teriparatide with denosumab on BMD in patients switching from long-term bisphosphonate.

By measuring circulating oxytocin (OXT), we show that OXT is genetically determined and associated with human obesity and impaired glucose tolerance.

Low mean and high variability in HDL-C were independent predictors of diabetes, and an additive effect of these two parameters was noted.

Telomere lengths in the cells from three adrenocortical zones were examined, and distinctive differences were detected among these zones in adult but not in pediatric adrenal glands.

Long-standing Cushing’s disease may lead to transition from pituitary- to adrenal-dependent hypercortisolism. In our patients, adrenal functional autonomy was caused by somatic mutations of PRKACA.

We identified many cases of adrenal insufficiency after unilateral adrenalectomy for PA. We recommend performing postoperative ACTH stimulation tests in all patients undergoing this procedure.

Association between cancer risk and clinical variable analyzed in 20,001 consecutive thyroid nodules: using patient and nodule data may provide more precise and individualized nodule risk assessment.

We discovered epigenetic silencing of PCDHGC3 in metastatic SDHB-PPGLs associated with short overall disease survival and the acquisition of metastatic capabilities in tumor cells.

The current study demonstrates that thyroid hormones significantly predict future anemia and annual changes in Hb, even in the euthyroid population.

Nicotinamide riboside supplementation for 12 weeks in men with obesity did not affect β-cell function or fasting or OGTT-induced concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, GLP-1, or GIP.

Human, mouse, and in vitro studies suggest that ATG7 regulates chemerin secretion in adipose tissue/adipocytes. Elevated adipose autophagy in obesity may therefore manifest by elevated chemerin levels.

In a retrospective study, DM was significantly associated with the incidence of MOFs in Caucasians and Hispanics but not in African Americans.