The Species of Rhimphoctona (Xylophylax) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae) Parasitizing Woodborers in China

Four species of Rhimphoctona (Xylophylax) collected from P. R. China are reported. Two of them are new to science: Rhimphoctona (Xylophylax) maculifemoralis Luo and Sheng, sp.nov. reared from Tetropium castaneum (Linnaeus), and Rhimphoctona (Xylophylax) immaculata Luo and Sheng, sp.nov. One is a new record for China, R. (Xylophylax) rufocoxalis (Clément 1924) reared from T. castaneum (Linnaeus). The other is R. (Xylophylax) lucida (Clément 1924) reared from Monochamus saltuarius Gebier, Tetropium gabrieli Weise and Asemus sp. A key to species known in China is provided.


Introduction
Rhimphoctona (Xylophylax) belonging to subfamily Campopleginae of the Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) are important parasitoids of woodborers. Based on the most current version of Taxapad (Yu et al. 2005), there are 13 Palearctic, 14 Nearctic, 1 Holarctic, and 1 Oriental species of Rhimphoctona. The European species of the genus Rhimphoctona Förster were revised by K. Horstmann (1980). The Nearctic species of the subgenus Xylophylax Kriechbaumer were reported by M. . The status of the genus was elucidated by D. Wahl (1991).
The genus has not been studied thoroughly in the Oriental and Palearctic regions of China. Only one species, Rhimphoctona (Xylophylax) lucida (Clément 1924), has been recorded (Sheng et al. 2002). In the present paper, four species of subgenus Xylophylax Kriechbaumer from P. R. China are reported.

Head.
Face almost flat, about 1.5 times as wide as long, with dense granulation and distinct punctures, upper margin weakly concave centrally. Clypeus (Figure 1) flat, basal portion with dense punctures. Apical portion smoother, apex with a weak median projection. Mandible strong, with transverse punctures, lower tooth long and acute, 2.0 times as long as upper tooth. Malar space rough, 0.8 times as long as basal width of mandible. Gena coriaceous with very sparse punctures, hind portion weakly expanded, in lateral view 0.8 to 0.9 times as long as width of eye. Vertex evenly convex, nearly the same texture as gena. Interocellar area with median longitudinal concavity. Postero-ocellar line about as long as ocular-ocellar line. Frons concave toward centre, with fine oblique lines and a short median longitudinal carina. Antenna very thin, with 43 to 44 flagellomeres, apical portion somewhat compressed. Occipital carina complete.
Metasoma. Terga finely coriaceous. Hind half of metasoma compressed. First tergum 2.5 to 2.6 times as long as its apical width, slender, only postpetiole slightly wider. Median dorsal carina absent. Dorsolateral carina present, reaching to hind end of glymma. Glymma deep. Spiracle very small, slightly convex. Second tergum elongate, 1.5 times as long as its apical width. Ovipositor sheath very slim, about as long as hind tibia. Ovipositor ( Figure  4) without subapical dorsal notch.
Color. Black. Mandible yellow to yellowish brown. Maxillary palpus, labial palpus, tegula, front tarsus, second segment of middle trochanters, basal lower portion of middle femur, and middle tibia blackish brown. Front femur and tibia and apical portion of middle femur brown to reddish brown. Basal dorsal portion of hind femur with a yellowish brown fleck. Stigma and veins brownish black.
Male. Body length 8.5 to 10.0 mm. Forewing length 6.0 to 6.5 mm. Antenna with 43 to 45 flagellomeres. Face except median black fleck, clypeus, mandible except tooth, malar space, lower portion of gena, maxillary palpus, labial palpus, lower profile of scape, front and middle legs (except basal end of coxae black and tarsi blackish brown) yellowish brown. Host. All specimens were reared from wood of Picea crassifolia Komarov from which many Tetropium castaneum (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) emerged.

Distribution. China (Qinghai).
Etymology. The name of the new species is based on upper-basal portion of hind femur with brownish yellow fleck.

Remarks. The new species resembles R.
(Xylophylax) lucida (Clément 1924), but can be distinguished from the latter by its ovipositor approximately as long as hind tibia; hind leg, except dorso-basal portion of femur with brownish yellow fleck, black; face of male yellow, with a small black fleck at upper   Figure 6) and mesosternum with even and fine punctures, the latter denser than the former, in front of speculum with fine oblique wrinkles. Speculum smooth, with unclear fine oblique lines. Metapleuron slightly rough, with dense and indistinct punctures. Submetapleural carina complete and strong. Wing brownish hyaline. 1cu-a distad of 1-m. Areolet a slanting quadrangle, receiving vein 2m-cu slightly basad of vein 3r-m. Vein 2-Cu as long as 2cu-a. Vein 1-cu slightly inclivous, about 3 times as long as cu-a. First trochanter ( Figure  8) of front leg with an apical tooth on front side. Claw small, distinctly pectinate. Propodeum (Figure 7) weakly rough, unclearly punctured, with strong carina. Costula complete and strong. Area superomedia separated from area basalis by strong transverse carina, and combined with area petiolaris. Area superomedia slightly wider than length, connecting with costula at its middle. Apical portion of area superomedia and area petiolaris with transverse wrinkles. Spiracle approximately circular (slightly elliptical). approximately as long as its apical width. Ovipositor sheath very slim, about 0.9 times as long as hind tibia. Ovipositor (Figure 9) evenly upturned, with a distinct subapical dorsal notch.   (Clément, 1924 3. Apical margin of clypeus with a weak median projection. First trochanter of front leg without an apical tooth on front side. Ovipositor sheath about 1.5 times as long as hind tibia. ……… R. (Xylophylax) lucida (Clément) Apical margin of clypeus without a weak median projection. First trochanter of front leg with an apical tooth on front side.