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Laura Baglietto, Noralane M. Lindor, James G. Dowty, Darren M. White, Anja Wagner, Encarna B. Gomez Garcia, Annette H. J. T. Vriends, Dutch Lynch Syndrome Study Group, Nicola R. Cartwright, Rebecca A. Barnetson, Susan M. Farrington, Albert Tenesa, Heather Hampel, Daniel Buchanan, Sven Arnold, Joanne Young, Michael D. Walsh, Jeremy Jass, Finlay Macrae, Yoland Antill, Ingrid M. Winship, Graham G. Giles, Jack Goldblatt, Susan Parry, Graeme Suthers, Barbara Leggett, Malinda Butz, Melyssa Aronson, Jenny N. Poynter, John A. Baron, Loic Le Marchand, Robert Haile, Steve Gallinger, John L. Hopper, John Potter, Albert de la Chapelle, Hans F. Vasen, Malcolm G. Dunlop, Stephen N. Thibodeau, Mark A. Jenkins, Risks of Lynch Syndrome Cancers for MSH6 Mutation Carriers, JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 102, Issue 3, 3 February 2010, Pages 193–201, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djp473
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Abstract
Germline mutations in MSH6 account for 10%–20% of Lynch syndrome colorectal cancers caused by hereditary DNA mismatch repair gene mutations. Because there have been only a few studies of mutation carriers, their cancer risks are uncertain.
We identified 113 families of MSH6 mutation carriers from five countries that we ascertained through family cancer clinics and population-based cancer registries. Mutation status, sex, age, and histories of cancer, polypectomy, and hysterectomy were sought from 3104 of their relatives. Age-specific cumulative risks for carriers and hazard ratios (HRs) for cancer risks of carriers, compared with those of the general population of the same country, were estimated by use of a modified segregation analysis with appropriate conditioning depending on ascertainment.
For MSH6 mutation carriers, the estimated cumulative risks to ages 70 and 80 years, respectively, were as follows: for colorectal cancer, 22% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14% to 32%) and 44% (95% CI = 28% to 62%) for men and 10% (95% CI = 5% to 17%) and 20% (95% CI = 11% to 35%) for women; for endometrial cancer, 26% (95% CI = 18% to 36%) and 44% (95% CI = 30% to 58%); and for any cancer associated with Lynch syndrome, 24% (95% CI = 16% to 37%) and 47% (95% CI = 32% to 66%) for men and 40% (95% CI = 32% to 52%) and 65% (95% CI = 53% to 78%) for women. Compared with incidence for the general population, MSH6 mutation carriers had an eightfold increased incidence of colorectal cancer (HR = 7.6, 95% CI = 5.4 to 10.8), which was independent of sex and age. Women who were MSH6 mutation carriers had a 26-fold increased incidence of endometrial cancer (HR = 25.5, 95% CI = 16.8 to 38.7) and a sixfold increased incidence of other cancers associated with Lynch syndrome (HR = 6.0, 95% CI = 3.4 to 10.7).
We have obtained precise and accurate estimates of both absolute and relative cancer risks for MSH6 mutation carriers.
