Endangered and Disappearing Birds of Appalachia and the Southeast
Extract
Species Account The Mottled Duck is unusual, in that it breeds in southern marshes rather than the prairie pothole region of the Dakotas and Canada, where most other dabbling duck species nest. Although they prefer the freshwater and brackish marshes and wetlands throughout peninsular Florida and along the western Gulf coast, Mottled Ducks have been known to use ditches, impoundments, and other human-made waterways in suburban environments as the naturally occurring wetlands have been drained or otherwise altered. In addition to their more southern nesting distribution, Mottled Ducks differ from other dabbling ducks in that they are typically found in pairs or small groups rather than large flocks. The exception occurs in prime feeding areas, where larger congregations are more common.
Mottled Ducks prefer shallow water surrounded by emergent vegetation for feeding. They filter substrates and surface water, searching for seeds or small invertebrates. They occasionally tip up to reach more deeply below the water’s surface or reach up and use their bills to strip seeds from stems. Animal matter in the diet includes snails, crayfish, beetles, and the larvae and nymphs of several species. Occasionally, small fish are consumed. Favored seeds include cultivated rice, widgeon grass, and rushes.
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