Part front matter for III The Age of the Archivist 1830–1980

Extract

The century and a half between 1830 and 1980 was a period of momentous change in England, politically, economically, socially and culturally. Its population continued to grow and became predominantly urban and industrial rather than rural and agricultural. It acquired a literate working class; aristocracy gave way to democracy; and the State became ever more powerful. All these changes had an impact on the types of archive formed, as well as on their sheer volume. New archives came into existence as bureaucracies burgeoned at national and local levels, and as societies and organisations of all kinds proliferated, while the archives of long-standing institutions, if they survived, had to adapt themselves to new requirements and working methods.

These changes were reflected in the types of document that made up the average archive and in the way that it was managed. As a result the archive of 1930 was less attractive in appearance than its predecessor of a century before. Handsomely bound volumes of minutes and accounts were now less in evidence than untidy files and bundles of papers, and these gatherings were more likely to be stored in tin boxes and metal filing cabinets than wooden receptacles. Handwritten letters featured less than typewritten ones, and printed items formed a more conspicuous part of the whole. After 1930 there were further and yet more rapid changes, as new technology made itself felt. Microfilming came into its own during the Second World War as a way of making security copies, and later as a means of making copies of documents available to historians while protecting the originals. By the mid-1960s the possibilities of computers were being taken increasingly seriously, although their main impact on the world of archives would be after 1980.

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Part front matter for III The Age of the Archivist 1830–1980

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