
Contents
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3.1 An Integrated Program for Science and Technology 3.1 An Integrated Program for Science and Technology
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3.2 Relevant Social Groups, Interpretative Flexibility, Closure 3.2 Relevant Social Groups, Interpretative Flexibility, Closure
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3.3 Rethinking Users and Stabilization 3.3 Rethinking Users and Stabilization
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3.4 Sellers and Testers (and Sociologists) 3.4 Sellers and Testers (and Sociologists)
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3.5 Materiality and the Nonhumans 3.5 Materiality and the Nonhumans
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3.6 Back to the Golem: SCOT and Politics 3.6 Back to the Golem: SCOT and Politics
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3 Social Construction of Technology
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Published:November 2016
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Abstract
The chapter focuses on the Social Construction of Technology approach (SCOT) by Trevor Pinch and Wiebe Bijker, introducing the reader to its initial formulation (1984), and to the subsequent extensions – and sometimes reformulations – elaborated in more than 30 year of empirical research. It first clarifies how the Empirical Programme of Relativism, elaborated by the Bath School to address the social construction of scientific facts, was adapted to technological artifacts. In particular the concepts of relevant social groups, interpretative flexibility, closure or stabilization are in-depth discussed. Regarding relevant social groups, the chapter dedicates a peculiar attention to users, sellers and testers, all understudied in the original formulation of SCOT. The chapter then clarifies SCOT’s take on materiality, and discusses its main differences with the idea of nonhuman agency proposed by Actor-Network Theory (ANT). Finally, it goes back to the Golem Trilogy to discuss with the author the specific take on politics implied by SCOT.
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