
Contents
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10 Prosocial Development and Situational Morality: Neurobiological, Parental, and Contextual Factors
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Abstract Abstract
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Introduction Introduction
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The Nature of Structural Violence The Nature of Structural Violence
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Impact of Structural Violence on the Young Child Impact of Structural Violence on the Young Child
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Inequality and Poverty Inequality and Poverty
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The South African Case The South African Case
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South Africa, Post 1994: A Rights-Oriented Policy Regime South Africa, Post 1994: A Rights-Oriented Policy Regime
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Addressing the Consequences of Structural Inequalities for Young Children: A South African Example Addressing the Consequences of Structural Inequalities for Young Children: A South African Example
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The Ilifa Labantwana Essential Package of Early Childhood Services and Support The Ilifa Labantwana Essential Package of Early Childhood Services and Support
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Nutritional Support Nutritional Support
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Primary Level Maternal and Child Health Services Primary Level Maternal and Child Health Services
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Social Services Social Services
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Support for Primary Caregivers Support for Primary Caregivers
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Stimulation for Early Learning Stimulation for Early Learning
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Conclusion Conclusion
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13 Structural Violence and Early Childhood Development
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Published:December 2014
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Abstract
This chapter examines the influence of structural violence on early child development and the family environment. In contrast to direct violence, structural violence manifests as unequal exposure to protective and risk factors, inequitable access to the resources and services that could ameliorate risk and support positive development, and as unequal service quality. Similar to direct violence, it violates the rights of children and undermines the protective capacities of those who care for them. Insults to early development raise the probability of poor outcomes in the long term, including reduced capabilities for productive, prosocial, and peaceable citizenship. An essential package is presented of population-level, evidence-based services for young children and caregivers. Developed in South Africa, these services aim to reduce exposure to risk factors that compromise developmental potential, and to increase protective and promotive influences in those most affected by poverty. It covers basic services designed to promote maternal and child health and nutrition, stimulation for early learning, social protection, child protection, and the well-being of primary caregivers. Provision of these services is seen as a social good and should be available to all, particularly those affected by structural violence. Published in the Strungmann Forum Reports Series.
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