
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Factors and Mechanisms Influencing Developmental Processes Factors and Mechanisms Influencing Developmental Processes
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Common Paths of Development and the Action-Experience-Sociality Triad Common Paths of Development and the Action-Experience-Sociality Triad
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Identifying Biases and Constraints in Action-Oriented Processing and Development Identifying Biases and Constraints in Action-Oriented Processing and Development
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Genetic Influences on the Learning of SMCs and Cognitive Development Genetic Influences on the Learning of SMCs and Cognitive Development
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Mechanisms That Drive Autonomous Learning and Active Exploration Mechanisms That Drive Autonomous Learning and Active Exploration
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Open Issues: Studying Development as a Continuous yet Nonhomogeneous Process Open Issues: Studying Development as a Continuous yet Nonhomogeneous Process
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The Development of Higher Cognition The Development of Higher Cognition
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Toward an Operational Definition of “Concept” That Is Not Too Restrictive Toward an Operational Definition of “Concept” That Is Not Too Restrictive
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Abstract Concepts and Their Relation to Language, Interoceptive Systems, and Sociality Abstract Concepts and Their Relation to Language, Interoceptive Systems, and Sociality
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A Specific Example of an Abstract Concept: The Case of Morality A Specific Example of an Abstract Concept: The Case of Morality
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Sociocultural Factors in Concept Learning: The Case of Supernatural Beliefs Sociocultural Factors in Concept Learning: The Case of Supernatural Beliefs
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Sensorimotor Learning Can Provide a “Database” for Learning and Development Sensorimotor Learning Can Provide a “Database” for Learning and Development
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Abstract Cognitive Operations Abstract Cognitive Operations
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Open Problems Open Problems
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Brain Mechanisms Supporting a Mastery of SMCs and Cognitive Development Brain Mechanisms Supporting a Mastery of SMCs and Cognitive Development
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Action-Perception Loops in the Brain Permit Acquiring a Mastery of SMCs Action-Perception Loops in the Brain Permit Acquiring a Mastery of SMCs
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Development of SMCs across Several Levels of the Neuraxis Development of SMCs across Several Levels of the Neuraxis
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Brain Mechanisms Supporting Low- to High-Cognitive Abilities: A Computational Perspective Brain Mechanisms Supporting Low- to High-Cognitive Abilities: A Computational Perspective
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Open Questions Open Questions
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Learning from Experiments on the Development of New SMCs Learning from Experiments on the Development of New SMCs
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Is It Possible to Acquire New SMCs and What Does It Imply? Is It Possible to Acquire New SMCs and What Does It Imply?
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Other Possible Effects of Learning New SMCs Other Possible Effects of Learning New SMCs
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Do We Need a New and More Interactive Method to Study Cognitive Development? Do We Need a New and More Interactive Method to Study Cognitive Development?
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Decomposing the Development of Action Cognition Decomposing the Development of Action Cognition
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The Role of Robotics in the Study of Cognitive Development The Role of Robotics in the Study of Cognitive Development
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Conclusions and Open Challenges Conclusions and Open Challenges
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Acknowledgments Acknowledgments
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4 Acting Up: An Approach to the Study of Cognitive Development
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Published:March 2016
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Abstract
Despite decades of research, we lack a comprehensive framework to study and explain cognitive development. The emerging “paradigm” of action-based cognition implies that cognitive development is an active rather than a passive, automatic, and self-paced maturational process. Importantly, “active” refers to both sensorimotor activity (in the narrow sense) as well as to autonomous exploration (e.g., as found in active perception or active learning). How does this emphasis on action affect our understanding of cognitive development? Can an action-based approach provide a much-needed integrative theory of cognitive development? This chapter reviews key factors that influence development (including sensorimotor skills as well as genetic, social, and cultural factors) and their associated brain mechanisms. Discussion focuses on how these factors can be incorporated into a comprehensive action-based framework. Challenges are highlighted for future research (e.g., problems associated with explaining higher-level cognitive abilities and devising novel experimental methodologies). Although still in its infancy, an action-based approach to cognitive development holds promise to improve scientific understanding of cognitive development and to impact education and technology.
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