
Contents
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4 The Peculiar Evolution of 3G Wireless Networks: Institutional Logic, Politics, and Property Rights
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The Global Governance of Trade in Telecommunications Services The Global Governance of Trade in Telecommunications Services
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The General Agreement on Trade in Services The General Agreement on Trade in Services
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The Basic Telecommunications Agreement The Basic Telecommunications Agreement
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Developing Country Commitments under the Fourth Protocol Developing Country Commitments under the Fourth Protocol
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Power Dynamics in Agenda Setting, Negotiations, and Outcomes Power Dynamics in Agenda Setting, Negotiations, and Outcomes
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Tensions and Compromises in the GATS Framework and the BTA Tensions and Compromises in the GATS Framework and the BTA
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Unconditional Most Favored Nation Treatment: A Triumph for Developing Countries? Unconditional Most Favored Nation Treatment: A Triumph for Developing Countries?
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GATS-Specific Rules on Developing Countries GATS-Specific Rules on Developing Countries
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Tensions over Regulatory Autonomy and the Reference Paper Compromise Tensions over Regulatory Autonomy and the Reference Paper Compromise
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Loopholes in the Current Trade Regime Loopholes in the Current Trade Regime
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Safeguard Measures Safeguard Measures
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Free Trade and Fair Competition: Concerns over Restrictive Business Practices of Multinational Firms Free Trade and Fair Competition: Concerns over Restrictive Business Practices of Multinational Firms
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Importance and Impact of Wider Market and Corporate Dynamics Importance and Impact of Wider Market and Corporate Dynamics
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The Distribution of Benefits under Mode 3 The Distribution of Benefits under Mode 3
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The Market-Driven Solution to the Accounting Rate Debacle The Market-Driven Solution to the Accounting Rate Debacle
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Using the GATS’s Empowerment Possibilities Using the GATS’s Empowerment Possibilities
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The GATS Architecture The GATS Architecture
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The Precommitment Mechanism The Precommitment Mechanism
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Performance Requirements Performance Requirements
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Recommendations Recommendations
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Preserving the Development-Friendly Aspects of the GATS Preserving the Development-Friendly Aspects of the GATS
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Widening and Deepening Commitments under Mode 4 Widening and Deepening Commitments under Mode 4
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Finishing the “Unfinished Business” Finishing the “Unfinished Business”
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Revising the Reference Paper to Reflect Technological Developments Revising the Reference Paper to Reflect Technological Developments
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Helping Developing Countries Reap the Benefits of Liberalization Helping Developing Countries Reap the Benefits of Liberalization
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Conclusion Conclusion
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Notes Notes
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References References
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5 The GATS Agreement on Basic Telecommunications: A Developing Country Perspective
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Published:December 2008
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Abstract
The Basic Telecommunications Agreement (BTA) marked a profound shift in the global governance regime for telecommunications. From a heavily regulated regime subject to cooperative arrangements under the auspices of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), telecommunications was transformed into a globally traded service under the World Trade Organization (WTO). The BTA is a set of negotiated schedules that serves as the Fourth Protocol of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). This chapter examines the WTO’s Agreement on Basic Telecommunications, and the GATS of which it is part, from the perspective of developing countries. Developing countries have more freedom that they have exercised under these agreements, but have suffered not only because of constraints imposed globally, but also because of their failure to organize themselves effectively and to pursue sound bargaining strategies.
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