
Contents
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Discursive power of international organisations Discursive power of international organisations
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Development as a technological and modernisation issue Development as a technological and modernisation issue
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Development as a political priority Development as a political priority
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Development as a holistic approach Development as a holistic approach
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A critical assessment: social policy in word and deed A critical assessment: social policy in word and deed
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References References
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ELEVEN Transition to the ‘universal' welfare state: the changing meaning of ‘welfare state’ in Korea
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FIVE The discursive power of international organisations: social policy language and concepts in the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund
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Published:April 2014
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Abstract
This chapter traces the social policy language and concepts in the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank from the 1970s onwards, when both organizations began to deal with issues of poverty and social policy in developing countries. The chapter shows how the language of development has changed, and thus, the role social policies play therein, identifying a shift from an understanding of social policy as social welfare (1970s) to social protection (1980/90s), and finally, to social development (2000s). However, while there has been a change in the language of development over time, the underlying meaning has remained rather stable. The econocentric orientation of both organizations has led to half-hearted outcomes that might not be sustainable in the long run. In this way, the chapter offers a critical assessment of the impact of different social policy concepts and framings in the broader development discourse. While the development language and social policy concepts used in the 1970s turned people in developing countries into a development category and thus depicted them as victims needing assistance, today’s language of ownership and participatory development tends to shift responsibility to the respective actors themselves.
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