
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Exogenous versus endogenous investment Exogenous versus endogenous investment
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The enterprise demographics of deprived neighbourhoods The enterprise demographics of deprived neighbourhoods
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The enterprise deficit The enterprise deficit
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Quality of new businesses Quality of new businesses
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Business growth Business growth
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Black and minority ethnic business Black and minority ethnic business
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Social enterprises Social enterprises
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Informal economic activity Informal economic activity
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Policy responses Policy responses
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The area-based property-led approach The area-based property-led approach
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Comprehensive regeneration and enterprise development Comprehensive regeneration and enterprise development
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Strengthening the competitiveness of deprived areas Strengthening the competitiveness of deprived areas
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Social inclusion and enterprise policy Social inclusion and enterprise policy
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Conclusions Conclusions
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Notes Notes
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Four Enterprise and entrepreneurship
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Published:October 2008
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Abstract
This chapter presents the role of enterprise and entrepreneurship in renewing neighbourhoods. It discusses research evidence relating to various kinds of enterprise activity within the context of regenerating deprived local economies and communities, which distinguishes between exogenous and endogenous sources of enterprise investment. The chapter reviews proof relating to inward investment and discusses the enterprise demographics of deprived neighbourhoods, including the roles played by black and minority ethnic businesses (BMEBs), social enterprises and informal economic activities. The chapter also examines the treatment of the issue of stimulating enterprise under different policy approaches to tackling the problems of deprived areas over the last three decades. Finally, the chapter discusses the differences between various policy initiatives under the New Labour governments to stimulate new and existing enterprises in deprived areas and to encourage people from various marginalized groups to consider self-employment or starting a new business.
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