
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Background to the introduction of Parental Leave Background to the introduction of Parental Leave
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Japan’s Parental Leave policy and its amendments Japan’s Parental Leave policy and its amendments
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Introduction of Parental Leave Introduction of Parental Leave
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The introduction of leave benefit The introduction of leave benefit
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Increasing fathers’ take-up becomes a goal Increasing fathers’ take-up becomes a goal
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Special extension of leave period Special extension of leave period
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Papa Mama Parental Leave Plus: a Japanese version of Fathers’ Quota? Papa Mama Parental Leave Plus: a Japanese version of Fathers’ Quota?
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Increasing incentives for fathers Increasing incentives for fathers
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Some consequences of changes to Parental Leave Some consequences of changes to Parental Leave
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Conclusion Conclusion
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References References
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Six Japan: leave policy and attempts to increase fathers’ take-up
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Published:April 2019
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Abstract
This chapter is about the development of Parental Leave in Japan, and in particular efforts to increase take-up by fathers. Before the first legislation was agreed in 1991 under the LDP conservative government, there were repeated efforts to introduce legislation, in which the trade unions played an important role and with advocates referring to research on European countries and recommendations by international organisations. Most of the subsequent developments to Parental Leave were based on recommendations by official bodies consisting of representatives of employers, workers and public interests, then agreed by government and designed by civil servants. Today, fathers in Japan can take 12 months of paid leave, with six months paid at 67% of earnings, yet the take-up rate remains low, slightly over 3% of eligible fathers. The chapter argues that developments in leave policy have not been part of a broad and coordinated set of measures, combining Parental Leave policy with childcare policy, working hours legislation and changes to workplace culture. This has prevented the achievement of two stated goals, eliminating barriers for mothers to stay in the labour force and increasing fathers’ involvement in childcare and family life.
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