
Contents
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8.1 The genesis of the IPMM 8.1 The genesis of the IPMM
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8.2 General description of the IPMM 8.2 General description of the IPMM
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8.3 Detailed description of IPMM poverty indicators, Part 1: UBN 8.3 Detailed description of IPMM poverty indicators, Part 1: UBN
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8.3.1 Housing quality and space (QSDwAJ) 8.3.1 Housing quality and space (QSDwAJ)
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Housing quality Housing quality
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Wall scores (WJ) Wall scores (WJ)
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Roof scores (RJ) Roof scores (RJ)
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Floor scores (FJ) Floor scores (FJ)
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Composite indicator of housing quality adequacy (HQAJ) Composite indicator of housing quality adequacy (HQAJ)
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Adequacy of space availability Adequacy of space availability
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Equivalent bedrooms (EB) per household Equivalent bedrooms (EB) per household
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Normative EB per HH (for 2+ members) Normative EB per HH (for 2+ members)
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Integrated indicator of housing quality and space adequacy (HQSAJ) Integrated indicator of housing quality and space adequacy (HQSAJ)
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8.3.2 Durable goods 8.3.2 Durable goods
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8.3.3 Sanitary services 8.3.3 Sanitary services
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Water provision (WP) Water provision (WP)
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Drainage service Drainage service
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Consolidated indicator of sanitary achievement (SAJ) Consolidated indicator of sanitary achievement (SAJ)
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8.3.4 Communication services (CS) 8.3.4 Communication services (CS)
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Telephone (fixed line and/or mobile) (TlJ) Telephone (fixed line and/or mobile) (TlJ)
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Internet access/connection (IAJ) Internet access/connection (IAJ)
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8.3.5 Energy adequacy (EnAJ) 8.3.5 Energy adequacy (EnAJ)
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Electricity access and quality indicator Electricity access and quality indicator
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Lightbulb achievement Lightbulb achievement
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Electricity access and quality achievement indicator (ElLBJA) Electricity access and quality achievement indicator (ElLBJA)
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Home-cooking fuel (CFJ) Home-cooking fuel (CFJ)
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Domestic energy achievement indicator (EnAJ) Domestic energy achievement indicator (EnAJ)
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8.3.6 Educational achievement indicator (EAI) 8.3.6 Educational achievement indicator (EAI)
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Indicators of attendance, years of schooling, and literacy Indicators of attendance, years of schooling, and literacy
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Individual and HH educational achievement/deprivation indicators Individual and HH educational achievement/deprivation indicators
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8.3.7 Health Services (HS) and Social Security (SS) 8.3.7 Health Services (HS) and Social Security (SS)
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HS achievement (HSAIJ) and SS achievement (SSAIJ) HS achievement (HSAIJ) and SS achievement (SSAIJ)
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8.3.8 UBN composite indicator 8.3.8 UBN composite indicator
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8.4 Detailed description of IPMM poverty indicators, Part 2: income and time 8.4 Detailed description of IPMM poverty indicators, Part 2: income and time
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8.4.1 Income (Y) 8.4.1 Income (Y)
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PL definition PL definition
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Achievement indicator of HH available Y Achievement indicator of HH available Y
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New methodology for measuring time poverty New methodology for measuring time poverty
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The integrated indicator of IPMM The integrated indicator of IPMM
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8 The Integrated Poverty Measurement Method (IPMM)
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Published:December 2023
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Abstract
The chapter narrates the genesis of the IPMM’s improved variant (IV), describing two leaps: first, from independent unsatisfied basic needs (UBN) PMM and poverty line (PL) PMM, to their combination, adding a P criterium, to form IPMM’s original variant (OV); then, from the OV to the improved variant, IV-IPMM, for which UBN-IV was developed as well as the time-poverty procedure. The discussion explores how IV-IPMM overcomes OV-IPMM’s limitations. A figure depicting IV-IPMM shows a HH/individual’s final score results from combining UBN, income (Y) and time (T) scores and that UBN comprises eight components: health, social security, education, housing, sanitary conditions, communication services, durable goods, and energy. A table lists which N are verified by UBN, which by a mixed procedure, and which by PL. A synthesis of T methodology; defines PL as the cost of the normative basket of essential satisfiers (NBES) minus the cost of the items verified by UBN/mixed procedure. Pertinent Y for items included in PL is available Y after expenditures on UBN. The equation (specifying weights) to calculate IV-IPMM score from the scores of the three components is presented. All indicators were restricted so they can only vary from 0 to 2; scores above 2 were rescaled and if necessary truncated. The detailed description of the IPMM employs over 80 equations, presenting empirical illustrative results in 12 tables.
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