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David Neumark, Roy J. Bank, Kyle D. Van Nort, Sex Discrimination in Restaurant Hiring: An Audit Study, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 111, Issue 3, August 1996, Pages 915–941, https://doi.org/10.2307/2946676
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Abstract
In an audit study of sex discrimination in hiring, comparably matched pairs of men and women applied for jobs as waiters and waitresses at restaurants in Philadelphia. In high-price restaurants (where earnings are higher), job applications from women had an estimated probability of receiving a job offer that was lower by about 0.4, and an estimated probability of receiving an interview that was lower by about 0.35. Both estimated differentials are statistically significant. Additional evidence suggests that customer discrimination partly underlies the hiring discrimination.