
Contents
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Introduction to a Method Introduction to a Method
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1. Mud and Mana: Ontology as the Ground of Reference 1. Mud and Mana: Ontology as the Ground of Reference
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2. Systems Ontology: Privative and Partitive 2. Systems Ontology: Privative and Partitive
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3. Political or Socialist Ontology: From Figurative Symbol to Referential Index 3. Political or Socialist Ontology: From Figurative Symbol to Referential Index
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4. Money: Ge Versus the Gdr 4. Money: Ge Versus the Gdr
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5. The Flickering Sign of the New: Between Behaviorism and Decisionism 5. The Flickering Sign of the New: Between Behaviorism and Decisionism
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Two Other Systems: Mud, Mana, Money
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Published:September 2009
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Abstract
This chapter examines how socialism relates to other traditions—especially that of philosophical ontology. Drawing on the disparate fields of philosophy, economics, semiotics, and systems theory, it discusses the connection between ontology and socialism and considers a set of classical ontological problems dating back to Plato's Parmenides to the critique of positivism by Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno. It uses a combination of “internal realism” (Willard van Orman Quine, Hilary Putnam) and “systems theory” (Talcott Parsons, Niklas Luhmann) to reformulate the ontological problems in a way relevant for understanding socialism and shows that this reformulation is especially helpful in distinguishing between “political ontology” (Carl Schmitt, Ernesto Laclau, Jacques Rancière) and something like “economic ontology” (general equilibrium theory, Marxism). The chapter concludes by suggesting that a “socialist ontology” is obliged by its inmost aspirations to generic superiority to chop up its world differently than liberal political and economic ontologies do.
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