| Clinical features . | Baseline . | Year 1 . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC (n = 19) . | CIS (n = 41) . | HC (n = 19) . | CIS (n = 41) . | |
| Mean age, years (SD)a | 37.8 (8.6) | 38.3 (11.2) | - | - |
| Sex ratio, F/Mb | 14/5 | 32/9 | - | - |
| Education level, high/lowb,c | 10/9 | 26/15 | - | - |
| Symptoms at clinical onset: | ||||
| Brain | - | 4 (10%) | - | - |
| Optic neuritis | - | 7 (17%) | - | - |
| Brainstem/cerebellar | - | 11 (27%) | - | - |
| Spinal cord | - | 19 (46%) | - | - |
| Mean disease duration (SD) in months | - | 4.12 (1.85) | ||
| Median EDSS score [range]d | - | 1.0 [0–3] | - | 1.0 [0–5] |
| MSFC z-score (SD)d | - | 0.32 (0.41) | - | 0.31 (0.60) |
| Median T2 lesion volume, mld | - | 0.98 [0.02–63.12] | - | 1.32 [0.07–67.74] |
| Normalized brain fraction, %e,f | 86.41 ± 2.95 | 84.59 ± 4.08 | 86.39 ± 3.02 | 83.75 ± 4.11* |
| Normalized white matter fraction, %g,e,f | 36.59 ± 2.42 | 35.52 ± 3.13 | 37.28 ± 3.14 | 34.51 ± 3.27** |
| Normalized grey matter fraction, %e,f | 49.82 ± 2.58 | 49.07 ± 2.85 | 49.11 ± 2.31 | 49.25 ± 2.86 |
| Normalized CSF fraction, %e,f | 13.59 ± 2.95 | 15.41 ± 4.08 | 13.61 ± 3.02 | 16.25 ± 4.11* |
| Clinical features . | Baseline . | Year 1 . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC (n = 19) . | CIS (n = 41) . | HC (n = 19) . | CIS (n = 41) . | |
| Mean age, years (SD)a | 37.8 (8.6) | 38.3 (11.2) | - | - |
| Sex ratio, F/Mb | 14/5 | 32/9 | - | - |
| Education level, high/lowb,c | 10/9 | 26/15 | - | - |
| Symptoms at clinical onset: | ||||
| Brain | - | 4 (10%) | - | - |
| Optic neuritis | - | 7 (17%) | - | - |
| Brainstem/cerebellar | - | 11 (27%) | - | - |
| Spinal cord | - | 19 (46%) | - | - |
| Mean disease duration (SD) in months | - | 4.12 (1.85) | ||
| Median EDSS score [range]d | - | 1.0 [0–3] | - | 1.0 [0–5] |
| MSFC z-score (SD)d | - | 0.32 (0.41) | - | 0.31 (0.60) |
| Median T2 lesion volume, mld | - | 0.98 [0.02–63.12] | - | 1.32 [0.07–67.74] |
| Normalized brain fraction, %e,f | 86.41 ± 2.95 | 84.59 ± 4.08 | 86.39 ± 3.02 | 83.75 ± 4.11* |
| Normalized white matter fraction, %g,e,f | 36.59 ± 2.42 | 35.52 ± 3.13 | 37.28 ± 3.14 | 34.51 ± 3.27** |
| Normalized grey matter fraction, %e,f | 49.82 ± 2.58 | 49.07 ± 2.85 | 49.11 ± 2.31 | 49.25 ± 2.86 |
| Normalized CSF fraction, %e,f | 13.59 ± 2.95 | 15.41 ± 4.08 | 13.61 ± 3.02 | 16.25 ± 4.11* |
aMann–Whitney U-test.
bχ2 test.
cEducation level was considered as high or low according to a French baccalaureate.
dWilcoxon test to compare patients with CIS at baseline and 1 year.
eGLM comparing patients with CIS to healthy control subjects with age, sex, level of education, and scanner as covariates.
fPercentage: (structure’s volume/TIV) × 100.
Differences between patients with CIS and healthy controls: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.
EDSS = Expanded Disability Status Scale; HC = healthy controls; SD = standard deviation; TIV = total intracranial volume.
| Clinical features . | Baseline . | Year 1 . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC (n = 19) . | CIS (n = 41) . | HC (n = 19) . | CIS (n = 41) . | |
| Mean age, years (SD)a | 37.8 (8.6) | 38.3 (11.2) | - | - |
| Sex ratio, F/Mb | 14/5 | 32/9 | - | - |
| Education level, high/lowb,c | 10/9 | 26/15 | - | - |
| Symptoms at clinical onset: | ||||
| Brain | - | 4 (10%) | - | - |
| Optic neuritis | - | 7 (17%) | - | - |
| Brainstem/cerebellar | - | 11 (27%) | - | - |
| Spinal cord | - | 19 (46%) | - | - |
| Mean disease duration (SD) in months | - | 4.12 (1.85) | ||
| Median EDSS score [range]d | - | 1.0 [0–3] | - | 1.0 [0–5] |
| MSFC z-score (SD)d | - | 0.32 (0.41) | - | 0.31 (0.60) |
| Median T2 lesion volume, mld | - | 0.98 [0.02–63.12] | - | 1.32 [0.07–67.74] |
| Normalized brain fraction, %e,f | 86.41 ± 2.95 | 84.59 ± 4.08 | 86.39 ± 3.02 | 83.75 ± 4.11* |
| Normalized white matter fraction, %g,e,f | 36.59 ± 2.42 | 35.52 ± 3.13 | 37.28 ± 3.14 | 34.51 ± 3.27** |
| Normalized grey matter fraction, %e,f | 49.82 ± 2.58 | 49.07 ± 2.85 | 49.11 ± 2.31 | 49.25 ± 2.86 |
| Normalized CSF fraction, %e,f | 13.59 ± 2.95 | 15.41 ± 4.08 | 13.61 ± 3.02 | 16.25 ± 4.11* |
| Clinical features . | Baseline . | Year 1 . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC (n = 19) . | CIS (n = 41) . | HC (n = 19) . | CIS (n = 41) . | |
| Mean age, years (SD)a | 37.8 (8.6) | 38.3 (11.2) | - | - |
| Sex ratio, F/Mb | 14/5 | 32/9 | - | - |
| Education level, high/lowb,c | 10/9 | 26/15 | - | - |
| Symptoms at clinical onset: | ||||
| Brain | - | 4 (10%) | - | - |
| Optic neuritis | - | 7 (17%) | - | - |
| Brainstem/cerebellar | - | 11 (27%) | - | - |
| Spinal cord | - | 19 (46%) | - | - |
| Mean disease duration (SD) in months | - | 4.12 (1.85) | ||
| Median EDSS score [range]d | - | 1.0 [0–3] | - | 1.0 [0–5] |
| MSFC z-score (SD)d | - | 0.32 (0.41) | - | 0.31 (0.60) |
| Median T2 lesion volume, mld | - | 0.98 [0.02–63.12] | - | 1.32 [0.07–67.74] |
| Normalized brain fraction, %e,f | 86.41 ± 2.95 | 84.59 ± 4.08 | 86.39 ± 3.02 | 83.75 ± 4.11* |
| Normalized white matter fraction, %g,e,f | 36.59 ± 2.42 | 35.52 ± 3.13 | 37.28 ± 3.14 | 34.51 ± 3.27** |
| Normalized grey matter fraction, %e,f | 49.82 ± 2.58 | 49.07 ± 2.85 | 49.11 ± 2.31 | 49.25 ± 2.86 |
| Normalized CSF fraction, %e,f | 13.59 ± 2.95 | 15.41 ± 4.08 | 13.61 ± 3.02 | 16.25 ± 4.11* |
aMann–Whitney U-test.
bχ2 test.
cEducation level was considered as high or low according to a French baccalaureate.
dWilcoxon test to compare patients with CIS at baseline and 1 year.
eGLM comparing patients with CIS to healthy control subjects with age, sex, level of education, and scanner as covariates.
fPercentage: (structure’s volume/TIV) × 100.
Differences between patients with CIS and healthy controls: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.
EDSS = Expanded Disability Status Scale; HC = healthy controls; SD = standard deviation; TIV = total intracranial volume.
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