| . | Observations (n = 96,848) . | Respondents (n = 21,257) . |
|---|---|---|
| . | Mean (SD) or % . | Mean (SD) or % . |
| Cognitive state | ||
| No impairment or CIND | 90.42 | 83.08 |
| Dementia | 9.58 | 16.92 |
| Division of residence | ||
| New England | 5.08 | 4.95 |
| Middle Atlantic | 12.57 | 12.40 |
| East North Central | 16.18 | 16.18 |
| West North Central | 9.21 | 8.56 |
| South Atlantic | 21.28 | 22.25 |
| East South Central | 5.91 | 6.08 |
| West South Central | 9.87 | 10.18 |
| Mountain | 5.95 | 6.06 |
| Pacific | 13.95 | 13.33 |
| Division of birth | ||
| New England | 5.54 | 5.46 |
| Middle Atlantic | 15.75 | 15.85 |
| East North Central | 18.17 | 18.43 |
| West North Central | 11.68 | 10.87 |
| South Atlantic | 13.10 | 13.64 |
| East South Central | 7.76 | 7.83 |
| West South Central | 9.72 | 9.53 |
| Mountain | 3.47 | 3.36 |
| Pacific | 5.91 | 6.15 |
| Non-U.S. | 8.91 | 8.88 |
| Survey year | 2008.62 (5.19) | 2012.35 (4.86) |
| 2000 | 9.44 | 5.04 |
| 2002 | 9.87 | 4.58 |
| 2004 | 9.90 | 4.50 |
| 2006 | 10.27 | 4.77 |
| 2008 | 10.71 | 5.89 |
| 2010 | 11.36 | 4.90 |
| 2012 | 12.04 | 6.15 |
| 2014 | 12.74 | 8.90 |
| 2016 | 13.67 | 55.28 |
| Age | 74.97 (7.59) | 76.72 (8.04) |
| Sex/gender | ||
| Male | 42.75 | 44.60 |
| Female | 57.25 | 55.40 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White, non-Hispanic | 82.66 | 81.64 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 8.52 | 9.00 |
| Hispanic | 6.65 | 6.98 |
| Other | 2.16 | 2.38 |
| Education | ||
| Less than high school | 22.10 | 21.78 |
| High school or GED | 35.94 | 34.23 |
| Associate’s or some college | 20.66 | 21.48 |
| Bachelor’s or higher | 21.30 | 22.52 |
| . | Observations (n = 96,848) . | Respondents (n = 21,257) . |
|---|---|---|
| . | Mean (SD) or % . | Mean (SD) or % . |
| Cognitive state | ||
| No impairment or CIND | 90.42 | 83.08 |
| Dementia | 9.58 | 16.92 |
| Division of residence | ||
| New England | 5.08 | 4.95 |
| Middle Atlantic | 12.57 | 12.40 |
| East North Central | 16.18 | 16.18 |
| West North Central | 9.21 | 8.56 |
| South Atlantic | 21.28 | 22.25 |
| East South Central | 5.91 | 6.08 |
| West South Central | 9.87 | 10.18 |
| Mountain | 5.95 | 6.06 |
| Pacific | 13.95 | 13.33 |
| Division of birth | ||
| New England | 5.54 | 5.46 |
| Middle Atlantic | 15.75 | 15.85 |
| East North Central | 18.17 | 18.43 |
| West North Central | 11.68 | 10.87 |
| South Atlantic | 13.10 | 13.64 |
| East South Central | 7.76 | 7.83 |
| West South Central | 9.72 | 9.53 |
| Mountain | 3.47 | 3.36 |
| Pacific | 5.91 | 6.15 |
| Non-U.S. | 8.91 | 8.88 |
| Survey year | 2008.62 (5.19) | 2012.35 (4.86) |
| 2000 | 9.44 | 5.04 |
| 2002 | 9.87 | 4.58 |
| 2004 | 9.90 | 4.50 |
| 2006 | 10.27 | 4.77 |
| 2008 | 10.71 | 5.89 |
| 2010 | 11.36 | 4.90 |
| 2012 | 12.04 | 6.15 |
| 2014 | 12.74 | 8.90 |
| 2016 | 13.67 | 55.28 |
| Age | 74.97 (7.59) | 76.72 (8.04) |
| Sex/gender | ||
| Male | 42.75 | 44.60 |
| Female | 57.25 | 55.40 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White, non-Hispanic | 82.66 | 81.64 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 8.52 | 9.00 |
| Hispanic | 6.65 | 6.98 |
| Other | 2.16 | 2.38 |
| Education | ||
| Less than high school | 22.10 | 21.78 |
| High school or GED | 35.94 | 34.23 |
| Associate’s or some college | 20.66 | 21.48 |
| Bachelor’s or higher | 21.30 | 22.52 |
Notes: Observation-level descriptive statistics reflect all person–periods. Respondent-level descriptive statistics reflect the final person–period from each respondent. Data are from Health and Retirement Study respondents ages 65 and older in years 2000–16. CIND = cognitive impairment, no dementia; SD = standard deviation.
| . | Observations (n = 96,848) . | Respondents (n = 21,257) . |
|---|---|---|
| . | Mean (SD) or % . | Mean (SD) or % . |
| Cognitive state | ||
| No impairment or CIND | 90.42 | 83.08 |
| Dementia | 9.58 | 16.92 |
| Division of residence | ||
| New England | 5.08 | 4.95 |
| Middle Atlantic | 12.57 | 12.40 |
| East North Central | 16.18 | 16.18 |
| West North Central | 9.21 | 8.56 |
| South Atlantic | 21.28 | 22.25 |
| East South Central | 5.91 | 6.08 |
| West South Central | 9.87 | 10.18 |
| Mountain | 5.95 | 6.06 |
| Pacific | 13.95 | 13.33 |
| Division of birth | ||
| New England | 5.54 | 5.46 |
| Middle Atlantic | 15.75 | 15.85 |
| East North Central | 18.17 | 18.43 |
| West North Central | 11.68 | 10.87 |
| South Atlantic | 13.10 | 13.64 |
| East South Central | 7.76 | 7.83 |
| West South Central | 9.72 | 9.53 |
| Mountain | 3.47 | 3.36 |
| Pacific | 5.91 | 6.15 |
| Non-U.S. | 8.91 | 8.88 |
| Survey year | 2008.62 (5.19) | 2012.35 (4.86) |
| 2000 | 9.44 | 5.04 |
| 2002 | 9.87 | 4.58 |
| 2004 | 9.90 | 4.50 |
| 2006 | 10.27 | 4.77 |
| 2008 | 10.71 | 5.89 |
| 2010 | 11.36 | 4.90 |
| 2012 | 12.04 | 6.15 |
| 2014 | 12.74 | 8.90 |
| 2016 | 13.67 | 55.28 |
| Age | 74.97 (7.59) | 76.72 (8.04) |
| Sex/gender | ||
| Male | 42.75 | 44.60 |
| Female | 57.25 | 55.40 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White, non-Hispanic | 82.66 | 81.64 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 8.52 | 9.00 |
| Hispanic | 6.65 | 6.98 |
| Other | 2.16 | 2.38 |
| Education | ||
| Less than high school | 22.10 | 21.78 |
| High school or GED | 35.94 | 34.23 |
| Associate’s or some college | 20.66 | 21.48 |
| Bachelor’s or higher | 21.30 | 22.52 |
| . | Observations (n = 96,848) . | Respondents (n = 21,257) . |
|---|---|---|
| . | Mean (SD) or % . | Mean (SD) or % . |
| Cognitive state | ||
| No impairment or CIND | 90.42 | 83.08 |
| Dementia | 9.58 | 16.92 |
| Division of residence | ||
| New England | 5.08 | 4.95 |
| Middle Atlantic | 12.57 | 12.40 |
| East North Central | 16.18 | 16.18 |
| West North Central | 9.21 | 8.56 |
| South Atlantic | 21.28 | 22.25 |
| East South Central | 5.91 | 6.08 |
| West South Central | 9.87 | 10.18 |
| Mountain | 5.95 | 6.06 |
| Pacific | 13.95 | 13.33 |
| Division of birth | ||
| New England | 5.54 | 5.46 |
| Middle Atlantic | 15.75 | 15.85 |
| East North Central | 18.17 | 18.43 |
| West North Central | 11.68 | 10.87 |
| South Atlantic | 13.10 | 13.64 |
| East South Central | 7.76 | 7.83 |
| West South Central | 9.72 | 9.53 |
| Mountain | 3.47 | 3.36 |
| Pacific | 5.91 | 6.15 |
| Non-U.S. | 8.91 | 8.88 |
| Survey year | 2008.62 (5.19) | 2012.35 (4.86) |
| 2000 | 9.44 | 5.04 |
| 2002 | 9.87 | 4.58 |
| 2004 | 9.90 | 4.50 |
| 2006 | 10.27 | 4.77 |
| 2008 | 10.71 | 5.89 |
| 2010 | 11.36 | 4.90 |
| 2012 | 12.04 | 6.15 |
| 2014 | 12.74 | 8.90 |
| 2016 | 13.67 | 55.28 |
| Age | 74.97 (7.59) | 76.72 (8.04) |
| Sex/gender | ||
| Male | 42.75 | 44.60 |
| Female | 57.25 | 55.40 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White, non-Hispanic | 82.66 | 81.64 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 8.52 | 9.00 |
| Hispanic | 6.65 | 6.98 |
| Other | 2.16 | 2.38 |
| Education | ||
| Less than high school | 22.10 | 21.78 |
| High school or GED | 35.94 | 34.23 |
| Associate’s or some college | 20.66 | 21.48 |
| Bachelor’s or higher | 21.30 | 22.52 |
Notes: Observation-level descriptive statistics reflect all person–periods. Respondent-level descriptive statistics reflect the final person–period from each respondent. Data are from Health and Retirement Study respondents ages 65 and older in years 2000–16. CIND = cognitive impairment, no dementia; SD = standard deviation.
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