Treatment capacity, wastewater characteristics and operational parameters of the 12 Swiss wastewater treatment plants sampled
| Plant ID . | EM . | MN . | TG . | TE . | WT . | ZR . | FD . | AD . | TU . | FR . | AH . | BE . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plant overview | ||||||||||||
| Sampling date | 2016-3-17 | 2016-4-4 | 2016-4-5 | 2016-4-13 | 2016-4-7 | 2016-4-12 | 2016-4-15 | 2016-4-20 | 2016-4-19 | 2016-4-28 | 2016-4-29 | 2016-4-21 |
| Process design | INT | UPS | UPS & INT | UPS | UPS | UPS & INT | INT | UPS | UPS | UPS | UPS | Fixed-Bed |
| Flow rate, m3/d | 90000 | 14000 | 25000 | 12000 | 51840 | 200000 | 15250 | 6000 | 40000 | 25264 | 15000 | 86000 |
| Population equivalent | 210000 | 50000 | 85000 | 55000 | 130110 | 534000 | 50000 | 20000 | 132000 | 110000 | 50000 | 345212 |
| Hospital bedsa | 830 | 0 | 512 | 253 | 670 | 3248 | 8 | 82 | 530 | 402 | 237 | 2527 |
| Industry inflow % | 10% | 35% | 31% | - | - | - | - | - | <10% | 60% | 25% | - |
| Industry input besides hospital wastewater | dairy, metal, etc. | dairy, food, wine, etc. | metal, food, chemical, etc. | abattoir, dairy, etc. | chemical, beer, etc. | abattoir, etc. | cosmetics food, etc. | metal, etc. | food, dairy, abattoir, etc. | dairy, etc. | food, metal, etc. | pharmaceuticals, etc. |
| Hydraulic retention time, h | 19.2 | 32.5 | 17.8 | 23.0 | 21.8 | 21.1 | 24.9 | 39.5 | 22.5 | 19.1 | 46.0 | >2 |
| Antimicrobials in influent/effluentb,c | ||||||||||||
| Macrolides, ng/L | 540/660 | 820/720 | 620/410 | 440/390 | 680/430 | 650/520 | 960/480 | 210/170 | 320/190 | 620/300 | 460/440 | 540/390 |
| Fluoroquinolones, ng/L | 1200/160 | 1500/100 | 1400/180 | 2200/110 | 1500/130 | 1500/140 | 2200/190 | 990/120 | 1500/60 | 1500/200 | 960/91 | 740/390 |
| Sulfonamides, ng/L | 1400/160 | 1200/550 | 1300/150 | 1600/140 | 1600/200 | 1500/220 | 760/300 | 1200/300 | 1700/100 | 460/39 | 670/160 | 1300/200 |
| Trimethoprim, ng/L | 270/140 | 170/180 | 210/100 | 210/95 | 240/130 | 200/150 | 130/100 | 170/93 | 210/53 | 60/35 | 100/60 | 170/130 |
| Metronidazole, ng/L | 220/93 | 47/24 | 200/79 | 190/37 | 290/110 | 230/110 | 290/120 | 49/28 | 140/51 | 120/68 | 140/27 | 240/270 |
| Triclosan, ng/L | 660/250 | 340/93 | 740/110 | 290/83 | 460/61 | 690/220 | 630/170 | 480/110 | 410/110 | 680/65 | 350/57 | 470/140 |
| Metformin, μg/L | 77/1.6 | 78/0.38 | 120/0.53 | 81/1.6 | 120/0.57 | 90/1.2 | 120/2.2 | 110/2.7 | 98/0.39 | 60/7.2 | 55/4.2 | 47/7.1 |
| Arsenic (As), ng/L | 600/150 | 945/550 | 1615/320 | 900/630 | 505/240 | 800/405 | 885/470 | 865/320 | 680/180 | 1065/160 | 1570/585 | 450/415 |
| Cadmium (Cd), ng/L | 145/30 | 75/25 | 25/45 | 60/30 | 35/30 | 60/25 | 125/60 | 120/90 | 45/25 | 50/25 | 25/30 | 25/160 |
| Nickel (Ni), μg/L | 1.0/2.7 | 3.9/2.6 | 4.9/16.5 | 0.2/1.5 | 0.1/0.8 | 2.2/0.1 | 2.4/0.2 | 7.6/6.4 | 1.0/0.4 | 4.0/0.4 | 2.4/3.8 | 2.9/2.7 |
| Copper (Cu), μg/L | 6.5/4.6 | 48.6/2.0 | 13.7/3.1 | 9.8/1.5 | 10/2.9 | 35.2/2.5 | 13.5/4.1 | 31.6/10.3 | 10.3/5.4 | 9.4/2.5 | 9.9/8.0 | 6.2/4.4 |
| Zinc (Zn), μg/L | 58.7/49.1 | 64.2/131.5 | 44.6/106.0 | 84.8/139.4 | 75.3/149.8 | 48.8/49.2 | 80.8/18.3 | 179/377.6 | 87.2/149.8 | 1378/135.2 | 126/124.3 | 143.8/203.1 |
| Nitrification Bioreactorsc | ||||||||||||
| Sludge retention time, d | 6.3 | 19.2 | 9.1 | 11.8 | 15.0 | 12.8 | 8.0 | 14 | 12.4 | 10.5 | 11.2 | - |
| Sludge volume index, mL/g | 117 | 99 | 195 | 102 | 177 | 224 | 144 | 152 | 266 | 132 | 72 | - |
| Dissolved oxygen, mg/mL | 2.20 | 1.78 | 3.31 | 1.90 | 1.25 | 2.47 | 2.08 | 2.65 | 1.05 | 2.04 | 1.70 | - |
| pH | 6.52 | 6.57 | 7.00 | 6.62 | 6.00 | 6.25 | 6.44 | 6.09 | 6.84 | 7.16 | 6.74 | - |
| Temperature, °C | 14.4 | 15.8 | 16.7 | 14.1 | 14.5 | 16.7 | 14.6 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 14.9 | 13.3 | - |
| VSS, mg/L | 2103 | 2374 | 2956 | 1996 | 1810 | 2114 | 1359 | 2128 | 2121 | 1052 | 1956 | 320 |
| Plant ID . | EM . | MN . | TG . | TE . | WT . | ZR . | FD . | AD . | TU . | FR . | AH . | BE . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plant overview | ||||||||||||
| Sampling date | 2016-3-17 | 2016-4-4 | 2016-4-5 | 2016-4-13 | 2016-4-7 | 2016-4-12 | 2016-4-15 | 2016-4-20 | 2016-4-19 | 2016-4-28 | 2016-4-29 | 2016-4-21 |
| Process design | INT | UPS | UPS & INT | UPS | UPS | UPS & INT | INT | UPS | UPS | UPS | UPS | Fixed-Bed |
| Flow rate, m3/d | 90000 | 14000 | 25000 | 12000 | 51840 | 200000 | 15250 | 6000 | 40000 | 25264 | 15000 | 86000 |
| Population equivalent | 210000 | 50000 | 85000 | 55000 | 130110 | 534000 | 50000 | 20000 | 132000 | 110000 | 50000 | 345212 |
| Hospital bedsa | 830 | 0 | 512 | 253 | 670 | 3248 | 8 | 82 | 530 | 402 | 237 | 2527 |
| Industry inflow % | 10% | 35% | 31% | - | - | - | - | - | <10% | 60% | 25% | - |
| Industry input besides hospital wastewater | dairy, metal, etc. | dairy, food, wine, etc. | metal, food, chemical, etc. | abattoir, dairy, etc. | chemical, beer, etc. | abattoir, etc. | cosmetics food, etc. | metal, etc. | food, dairy, abattoir, etc. | dairy, etc. | food, metal, etc. | pharmaceuticals, etc. |
| Hydraulic retention time, h | 19.2 | 32.5 | 17.8 | 23.0 | 21.8 | 21.1 | 24.9 | 39.5 | 22.5 | 19.1 | 46.0 | >2 |
| Antimicrobials in influent/effluentb,c | ||||||||||||
| Macrolides, ng/L | 540/660 | 820/720 | 620/410 | 440/390 | 680/430 | 650/520 | 960/480 | 210/170 | 320/190 | 620/300 | 460/440 | 540/390 |
| Fluoroquinolones, ng/L | 1200/160 | 1500/100 | 1400/180 | 2200/110 | 1500/130 | 1500/140 | 2200/190 | 990/120 | 1500/60 | 1500/200 | 960/91 | 740/390 |
| Sulfonamides, ng/L | 1400/160 | 1200/550 | 1300/150 | 1600/140 | 1600/200 | 1500/220 | 760/300 | 1200/300 | 1700/100 | 460/39 | 670/160 | 1300/200 |
| Trimethoprim, ng/L | 270/140 | 170/180 | 210/100 | 210/95 | 240/130 | 200/150 | 130/100 | 170/93 | 210/53 | 60/35 | 100/60 | 170/130 |
| Metronidazole, ng/L | 220/93 | 47/24 | 200/79 | 190/37 | 290/110 | 230/110 | 290/120 | 49/28 | 140/51 | 120/68 | 140/27 | 240/270 |
| Triclosan, ng/L | 660/250 | 340/93 | 740/110 | 290/83 | 460/61 | 690/220 | 630/170 | 480/110 | 410/110 | 680/65 | 350/57 | 470/140 |
| Metformin, μg/L | 77/1.6 | 78/0.38 | 120/0.53 | 81/1.6 | 120/0.57 | 90/1.2 | 120/2.2 | 110/2.7 | 98/0.39 | 60/7.2 | 55/4.2 | 47/7.1 |
| Arsenic (As), ng/L | 600/150 | 945/550 | 1615/320 | 900/630 | 505/240 | 800/405 | 885/470 | 865/320 | 680/180 | 1065/160 | 1570/585 | 450/415 |
| Cadmium (Cd), ng/L | 145/30 | 75/25 | 25/45 | 60/30 | 35/30 | 60/25 | 125/60 | 120/90 | 45/25 | 50/25 | 25/30 | 25/160 |
| Nickel (Ni), μg/L | 1.0/2.7 | 3.9/2.6 | 4.9/16.5 | 0.2/1.5 | 0.1/0.8 | 2.2/0.1 | 2.4/0.2 | 7.6/6.4 | 1.0/0.4 | 4.0/0.4 | 2.4/3.8 | 2.9/2.7 |
| Copper (Cu), μg/L | 6.5/4.6 | 48.6/2.0 | 13.7/3.1 | 9.8/1.5 | 10/2.9 | 35.2/2.5 | 13.5/4.1 | 31.6/10.3 | 10.3/5.4 | 9.4/2.5 | 9.9/8.0 | 6.2/4.4 |
| Zinc (Zn), μg/L | 58.7/49.1 | 64.2/131.5 | 44.6/106.0 | 84.8/139.4 | 75.3/149.8 | 48.8/49.2 | 80.8/18.3 | 179/377.6 | 87.2/149.8 | 1378/135.2 | 126/124.3 | 143.8/203.1 |
| Nitrification Bioreactorsc | ||||||||||||
| Sludge retention time, d | 6.3 | 19.2 | 9.1 | 11.8 | 15.0 | 12.8 | 8.0 | 14 | 12.4 | 10.5 | 11.2 | - |
| Sludge volume index, mL/g | 117 | 99 | 195 | 102 | 177 | 224 | 144 | 152 | 266 | 132 | 72 | - |
| Dissolved oxygen, mg/mL | 2.20 | 1.78 | 3.31 | 1.90 | 1.25 | 2.47 | 2.08 | 2.65 | 1.05 | 2.04 | 1.70 | - |
| pH | 6.52 | 6.57 | 7.00 | 6.62 | 6.00 | 6.25 | 6.44 | 6.09 | 6.84 | 7.16 | 6.74 | - |
| Temperature, °C | 14.4 | 15.8 | 16.7 | 14.1 | 14.5 | 16.7 | 14.6 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 14.9 | 13.3 | - |
| VSS, mg/L | 2103 | 2374 | 2956 | 1996 | 1810 | 2114 | 1359 | 2128 | 2121 | 1052 | 1956 | 320 |
INT intermittent denitrification, UPS upstream denitrification, VSS volatile suspended solids
Number of beds in general hospitals, in rehabilitation hospitals and psychological clinics within the plant catchment [54]
Concentrations of antibiotic are rounded to 2 significant digits
See a full list of the wastewater and operational parameters in Dataset S5
Treatment capacity, wastewater characteristics and operational parameters of the 12 Swiss wastewater treatment plants sampled
| Plant ID . | EM . | MN . | TG . | TE . | WT . | ZR . | FD . | AD . | TU . | FR . | AH . | BE . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plant overview | ||||||||||||
| Sampling date | 2016-3-17 | 2016-4-4 | 2016-4-5 | 2016-4-13 | 2016-4-7 | 2016-4-12 | 2016-4-15 | 2016-4-20 | 2016-4-19 | 2016-4-28 | 2016-4-29 | 2016-4-21 |
| Process design | INT | UPS | UPS & INT | UPS | UPS | UPS & INT | INT | UPS | UPS | UPS | UPS | Fixed-Bed |
| Flow rate, m3/d | 90000 | 14000 | 25000 | 12000 | 51840 | 200000 | 15250 | 6000 | 40000 | 25264 | 15000 | 86000 |
| Population equivalent | 210000 | 50000 | 85000 | 55000 | 130110 | 534000 | 50000 | 20000 | 132000 | 110000 | 50000 | 345212 |
| Hospital bedsa | 830 | 0 | 512 | 253 | 670 | 3248 | 8 | 82 | 530 | 402 | 237 | 2527 |
| Industry inflow % | 10% | 35% | 31% | - | - | - | - | - | <10% | 60% | 25% | - |
| Industry input besides hospital wastewater | dairy, metal, etc. | dairy, food, wine, etc. | metal, food, chemical, etc. | abattoir, dairy, etc. | chemical, beer, etc. | abattoir, etc. | cosmetics food, etc. | metal, etc. | food, dairy, abattoir, etc. | dairy, etc. | food, metal, etc. | pharmaceuticals, etc. |
| Hydraulic retention time, h | 19.2 | 32.5 | 17.8 | 23.0 | 21.8 | 21.1 | 24.9 | 39.5 | 22.5 | 19.1 | 46.0 | >2 |
| Antimicrobials in influent/effluentb,c | ||||||||||||
| Macrolides, ng/L | 540/660 | 820/720 | 620/410 | 440/390 | 680/430 | 650/520 | 960/480 | 210/170 | 320/190 | 620/300 | 460/440 | 540/390 |
| Fluoroquinolones, ng/L | 1200/160 | 1500/100 | 1400/180 | 2200/110 | 1500/130 | 1500/140 | 2200/190 | 990/120 | 1500/60 | 1500/200 | 960/91 | 740/390 |
| Sulfonamides, ng/L | 1400/160 | 1200/550 | 1300/150 | 1600/140 | 1600/200 | 1500/220 | 760/300 | 1200/300 | 1700/100 | 460/39 | 670/160 | 1300/200 |
| Trimethoprim, ng/L | 270/140 | 170/180 | 210/100 | 210/95 | 240/130 | 200/150 | 130/100 | 170/93 | 210/53 | 60/35 | 100/60 | 170/130 |
| Metronidazole, ng/L | 220/93 | 47/24 | 200/79 | 190/37 | 290/110 | 230/110 | 290/120 | 49/28 | 140/51 | 120/68 | 140/27 | 240/270 |
| Triclosan, ng/L | 660/250 | 340/93 | 740/110 | 290/83 | 460/61 | 690/220 | 630/170 | 480/110 | 410/110 | 680/65 | 350/57 | 470/140 |
| Metformin, μg/L | 77/1.6 | 78/0.38 | 120/0.53 | 81/1.6 | 120/0.57 | 90/1.2 | 120/2.2 | 110/2.7 | 98/0.39 | 60/7.2 | 55/4.2 | 47/7.1 |
| Arsenic (As), ng/L | 600/150 | 945/550 | 1615/320 | 900/630 | 505/240 | 800/405 | 885/470 | 865/320 | 680/180 | 1065/160 | 1570/585 | 450/415 |
| Cadmium (Cd), ng/L | 145/30 | 75/25 | 25/45 | 60/30 | 35/30 | 60/25 | 125/60 | 120/90 | 45/25 | 50/25 | 25/30 | 25/160 |
| Nickel (Ni), μg/L | 1.0/2.7 | 3.9/2.6 | 4.9/16.5 | 0.2/1.5 | 0.1/0.8 | 2.2/0.1 | 2.4/0.2 | 7.6/6.4 | 1.0/0.4 | 4.0/0.4 | 2.4/3.8 | 2.9/2.7 |
| Copper (Cu), μg/L | 6.5/4.6 | 48.6/2.0 | 13.7/3.1 | 9.8/1.5 | 10/2.9 | 35.2/2.5 | 13.5/4.1 | 31.6/10.3 | 10.3/5.4 | 9.4/2.5 | 9.9/8.0 | 6.2/4.4 |
| Zinc (Zn), μg/L | 58.7/49.1 | 64.2/131.5 | 44.6/106.0 | 84.8/139.4 | 75.3/149.8 | 48.8/49.2 | 80.8/18.3 | 179/377.6 | 87.2/149.8 | 1378/135.2 | 126/124.3 | 143.8/203.1 |
| Nitrification Bioreactorsc | ||||||||||||
| Sludge retention time, d | 6.3 | 19.2 | 9.1 | 11.8 | 15.0 | 12.8 | 8.0 | 14 | 12.4 | 10.5 | 11.2 | - |
| Sludge volume index, mL/g | 117 | 99 | 195 | 102 | 177 | 224 | 144 | 152 | 266 | 132 | 72 | - |
| Dissolved oxygen, mg/mL | 2.20 | 1.78 | 3.31 | 1.90 | 1.25 | 2.47 | 2.08 | 2.65 | 1.05 | 2.04 | 1.70 | - |
| pH | 6.52 | 6.57 | 7.00 | 6.62 | 6.00 | 6.25 | 6.44 | 6.09 | 6.84 | 7.16 | 6.74 | - |
| Temperature, °C | 14.4 | 15.8 | 16.7 | 14.1 | 14.5 | 16.7 | 14.6 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 14.9 | 13.3 | - |
| VSS, mg/L | 2103 | 2374 | 2956 | 1996 | 1810 | 2114 | 1359 | 2128 | 2121 | 1052 | 1956 | 320 |
| Plant ID . | EM . | MN . | TG . | TE . | WT . | ZR . | FD . | AD . | TU . | FR . | AH . | BE . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plant overview | ||||||||||||
| Sampling date | 2016-3-17 | 2016-4-4 | 2016-4-5 | 2016-4-13 | 2016-4-7 | 2016-4-12 | 2016-4-15 | 2016-4-20 | 2016-4-19 | 2016-4-28 | 2016-4-29 | 2016-4-21 |
| Process design | INT | UPS | UPS & INT | UPS | UPS | UPS & INT | INT | UPS | UPS | UPS | UPS | Fixed-Bed |
| Flow rate, m3/d | 90000 | 14000 | 25000 | 12000 | 51840 | 200000 | 15250 | 6000 | 40000 | 25264 | 15000 | 86000 |
| Population equivalent | 210000 | 50000 | 85000 | 55000 | 130110 | 534000 | 50000 | 20000 | 132000 | 110000 | 50000 | 345212 |
| Hospital bedsa | 830 | 0 | 512 | 253 | 670 | 3248 | 8 | 82 | 530 | 402 | 237 | 2527 |
| Industry inflow % | 10% | 35% | 31% | - | - | - | - | - | <10% | 60% | 25% | - |
| Industry input besides hospital wastewater | dairy, metal, etc. | dairy, food, wine, etc. | metal, food, chemical, etc. | abattoir, dairy, etc. | chemical, beer, etc. | abattoir, etc. | cosmetics food, etc. | metal, etc. | food, dairy, abattoir, etc. | dairy, etc. | food, metal, etc. | pharmaceuticals, etc. |
| Hydraulic retention time, h | 19.2 | 32.5 | 17.8 | 23.0 | 21.8 | 21.1 | 24.9 | 39.5 | 22.5 | 19.1 | 46.0 | >2 |
| Antimicrobials in influent/effluentb,c | ||||||||||||
| Macrolides, ng/L | 540/660 | 820/720 | 620/410 | 440/390 | 680/430 | 650/520 | 960/480 | 210/170 | 320/190 | 620/300 | 460/440 | 540/390 |
| Fluoroquinolones, ng/L | 1200/160 | 1500/100 | 1400/180 | 2200/110 | 1500/130 | 1500/140 | 2200/190 | 990/120 | 1500/60 | 1500/200 | 960/91 | 740/390 |
| Sulfonamides, ng/L | 1400/160 | 1200/550 | 1300/150 | 1600/140 | 1600/200 | 1500/220 | 760/300 | 1200/300 | 1700/100 | 460/39 | 670/160 | 1300/200 |
| Trimethoprim, ng/L | 270/140 | 170/180 | 210/100 | 210/95 | 240/130 | 200/150 | 130/100 | 170/93 | 210/53 | 60/35 | 100/60 | 170/130 |
| Metronidazole, ng/L | 220/93 | 47/24 | 200/79 | 190/37 | 290/110 | 230/110 | 290/120 | 49/28 | 140/51 | 120/68 | 140/27 | 240/270 |
| Triclosan, ng/L | 660/250 | 340/93 | 740/110 | 290/83 | 460/61 | 690/220 | 630/170 | 480/110 | 410/110 | 680/65 | 350/57 | 470/140 |
| Metformin, μg/L | 77/1.6 | 78/0.38 | 120/0.53 | 81/1.6 | 120/0.57 | 90/1.2 | 120/2.2 | 110/2.7 | 98/0.39 | 60/7.2 | 55/4.2 | 47/7.1 |
| Arsenic (As), ng/L | 600/150 | 945/550 | 1615/320 | 900/630 | 505/240 | 800/405 | 885/470 | 865/320 | 680/180 | 1065/160 | 1570/585 | 450/415 |
| Cadmium (Cd), ng/L | 145/30 | 75/25 | 25/45 | 60/30 | 35/30 | 60/25 | 125/60 | 120/90 | 45/25 | 50/25 | 25/30 | 25/160 |
| Nickel (Ni), μg/L | 1.0/2.7 | 3.9/2.6 | 4.9/16.5 | 0.2/1.5 | 0.1/0.8 | 2.2/0.1 | 2.4/0.2 | 7.6/6.4 | 1.0/0.4 | 4.0/0.4 | 2.4/3.8 | 2.9/2.7 |
| Copper (Cu), μg/L | 6.5/4.6 | 48.6/2.0 | 13.7/3.1 | 9.8/1.5 | 10/2.9 | 35.2/2.5 | 13.5/4.1 | 31.6/10.3 | 10.3/5.4 | 9.4/2.5 | 9.9/8.0 | 6.2/4.4 |
| Zinc (Zn), μg/L | 58.7/49.1 | 64.2/131.5 | 44.6/106.0 | 84.8/139.4 | 75.3/149.8 | 48.8/49.2 | 80.8/18.3 | 179/377.6 | 87.2/149.8 | 1378/135.2 | 126/124.3 | 143.8/203.1 |
| Nitrification Bioreactorsc | ||||||||||||
| Sludge retention time, d | 6.3 | 19.2 | 9.1 | 11.8 | 15.0 | 12.8 | 8.0 | 14 | 12.4 | 10.5 | 11.2 | - |
| Sludge volume index, mL/g | 117 | 99 | 195 | 102 | 177 | 224 | 144 | 152 | 266 | 132 | 72 | - |
| Dissolved oxygen, mg/mL | 2.20 | 1.78 | 3.31 | 1.90 | 1.25 | 2.47 | 2.08 | 2.65 | 1.05 | 2.04 | 1.70 | - |
| pH | 6.52 | 6.57 | 7.00 | 6.62 | 6.00 | 6.25 | 6.44 | 6.09 | 6.84 | 7.16 | 6.74 | - |
| Temperature, °C | 14.4 | 15.8 | 16.7 | 14.1 | 14.5 | 16.7 | 14.6 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 14.9 | 13.3 | - |
| VSS, mg/L | 2103 | 2374 | 2956 | 1996 | 1810 | 2114 | 1359 | 2128 | 2121 | 1052 | 1956 | 320 |
INT intermittent denitrification, UPS upstream denitrification, VSS volatile suspended solids
Number of beds in general hospitals, in rehabilitation hospitals and psychological clinics within the plant catchment [54]
Concentrations of antibiotic are rounded to 2 significant digits
See a full list of the wastewater and operational parameters in Dataset S5
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