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A Twelfth-Century German Prince A Twelfth-Century German Prince
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Bishop Otto of Freising and Rahewin Bishop Otto of Freising and Rahewin
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Other Sources about Frederick Other Sources about Frederick
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Historiography Historiography
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Cite
Extract
On 22 June 1941, Germany launched Operation Barbarossa. Hitler decided personally to name the Nazi attack on the Soviet Union after Emperor Frederick Barbarossa (b. 1122, r. 1152–90).1Close However, historians had portrayed Frederick as the embodiment of German manhood and as one of the nation’s greatest monarchs long before the Führer’s rise to power in 1933.2Close In 1923, for example, Dietrich Schäfer had written in a general history of the Middle Ages:
Insofar as our nation recalls its mediaeval history, the figure of Frederick Barbarossa stands in the foreground of its memory … Frederick’s perfect Teutonic frame contained an equally sublime soul. His knightly valor adorned his majesty not less than this valor ennobled him. He was a man of rare spiritual sensitivity, worthy in every way of his position. An understanding of power, something necessary to every ruler, was possessed by him to the highest degree … When all is said and done, Frederick, along with Otto the Great, was the greatest ruler our nation had in the Middle Ages.3Close
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