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Two Astronomer and “Learned Calculator”: Nicole Reine Lepaute (1723–1788)
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Published:May 2021
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Abstract
This chapter focuses on astronomer Nicole Reine Lepaute, her knowledge of astronomy, and her usefulness to the Académie des Sciences in this area. It begins by narrating her discussion with her friend and collaborator, the astronomer Joseph-Jérôme Lalande, about her frustration at being excluded from the Paris academy for which she had done much work. The chapter then follows Lepaute's works at the provincial Académie des Sciences de Béziers, and how she became a member of the city's academy and the first woman of science elected to such a body in France. The chapter then turns to chronicle her early life as Nicole Reine Etable, born in the Petit Luxembourg Palace into the Etable family. It recounts how she met the two most important people in her life at the Petit Luxembourg: the man she would marry, Jean-André Lepaute and the young astronomer Joseph-Jérôme Lalande. The trio were to be intensely entangled for several decades. Ultimately, the chapter highlights a triumph widely considered to prove Newton's law of universal gravitation: Lepaute's computation of the accurate prediction of the return of Halley's Comet.
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